摘要
从帕累托有效性理论出发 ,定义影子价格为帕累托有效配置时资源、产品或服务的边际价值 .认为在任何能实现帕累托有效配置的市场条件下 ,都能从理论上确定商品或服务的影子价格 .在不能实现帕累托有效配置的市场条件下 ,所谓影子价格只是人们对资源或产品社会价值的一种估计 .任何竞争性均衡价格都是商品的影子价格 ;普通垄断和垄断竞争条件下 ,影子价格取为生产均衡时的产品平均成本 ;完全价格差别和政府适当价格管制条件下 ,影子价格取边际成本等于需求价格时的产品价格 ;自然垄断产业以拉姆齐法则确定影子价格 ;混合经济中商品的影子价格是生产者价格 .
On the basis of Pareto efficiency, the shadow price is defined as the marginal value of resources and goods in the state of Pareto optimality. In a rival exchange economy, shadow prices are the equilibrium prices of goods and services being exchanged. In a rival economy of production and exchange, shadow prices are the prices of products(goods and services) in the equilibrium state of production and exchange. In an economy of common monopoly or monopolistic competition, the average costs of products at equilibrium of production are adopted as shadow prices. Fully differential pricing or appropriate price controlling may have monopolistic firms come to the state of Pareto optimality, and in this state, the prices of products are adopted as their shadow prices. The shadow prices of the goods and services provided by naturally monopolistic industries may be estimated with the Ramsey rule. In a mixed economy, the shadow prices of goods and services are the producer prices, and, especially, for the foreign trade sector and traded goods, the world prices of commodities are adopted as shadow prices.[KH2D]
出处
《河海大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
2000年第3期60-64,共5页
Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences)
关键词
帕螺托效率
影子价格
市场条件
Pareto efficiency
shadow price
market circumstances
