摘要
在预聚中间体组分为聚四氢呋喃醚二醇(PTMG)/4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(其NCO的质量分数为15%～20%)、扩链剂组分为PTMG/1,4-丁二醇(BDO)的条件下,采用半预聚体法,通过调节PTMG/BDO的平均分子量,合成出一系列邵尔A硬度为60～85的聚醚型聚氨酯弹性体,对其力学性能、耐水性以及动态力学性能进行了研究,并与同硬度的橡胶材料进行了比较。结果表明,随着PTMG/BDO平均分子量的逐渐减小,聚氨酯弹性体的邵尔A硬度、拉伸强度、定伸应力和撕裂强度逐渐提高,扯断伸长率逐渐降低,回弹性变化较小。所合成的聚氨酯弹性体使用的频率范围较橡胶材料宽,随频率变化的动态力学性能优于橡胶,且具有很好的耐水性。在频率为0.1～100.0 Hz时,无论是拉伸模式还是压缩模式,邵尔A硬度为70～80的聚氨酯弹性体均表现出很好的动态力学性能;在拉伸温度为35～160℃时,邵尔A硬度为70～85的聚氨酯弹性体动态力学性能好,使用温度范围较宽。
A series of polyether polyurethane elas- tomers with different Shore A hardness 60 -85 were synthesized using polytetramethylene ether glycol （ PTMG ）/g, g＇-diphenylmethane diisocyanate as semi-prepolymers（ their mass fraction of NCO were 15% - 20% ） , PTMG/1 , 4-butanediol （BDO） as chain extender component by semi-prepolymer meth- od through adjusting the average molecular weight of PTMG/BDO. The mechanical properties, water re- sistance and dynamic mechanical properties of the synthesized polyurethane elastmoers were investiga- ted and compared with those of rubber materials. The results showed that Shore A hardness, tensile strength, modulus and tear strength of the elastomers increased, elongation at break decreased with de- creasing the average molecular weight of PTMG/ BDO, but the resilience changed slightly. The fre-quency range applied to the elastomers was wider than that to rubber materials, the dynamic mechani- cal properties varied with the frequency was superior to rubber, and the water resistance of the elastomers was better. The elastomers with Shore A hardness 70- 80 exhibited excellent dynamic mechanical properties in the frenquency range of 0. 1 - 100.0 Hz for both tensile and compression modes, and those with Shore A hardness 70 -85 also were good in dynamic mechanical properties at tensile temperature 35 - 160 ℃, showing a wider service temperature range.
出处
《合成橡胶工业》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第5期361-365,共5页
China Synthetic Rubber Industry
基金
中国南车股份有限公司科技计划资助项目(2011NCK 098)
