摘要
本文从探索城市绿化的基本单位———园林植物群落的构型规律出发 ,分析了上海城市园林植物群落的组成结构及土壤、光照等生态因子对植物群落结构与功能的影响。认为城市园林植物群落虽受人为因素影响较大 ,但在结构组成与林相上仍表现出地带性植被的特征 ;群落下层植物的分布受上层植物所营造的小生境的影响 ,种类较丰富 ,且表现出一定的关联性。因子分析表明群落结构各因子间存在着相关性 ,其信息量的82.5 %集中在四个主因子上 ,即 :冠盖因子、乔木层高、灌木层性状及乔木层密度因子。土壤因子对群落高生长与密度相关。群落中光照的分布状况受乔木层的种类组成、密度与冠幅指数等因子的影响 ,且对下层植物分布有较大的作用。层次分析法分析表明群落的景观效应与结构密切相关 。
This paper based on analyzing the effect of the component of the plant community and ecological factor, such as: soil, illumination and etc., upon the structure and function of urban plant community, probing into the configuration regularity of urban plant community. Result shows: the component and forest phase of the urban plant community still has a feature of zonal vegetation although it is influence by people activity; The habitat made by upper stratum effect on under plants distribution in plant community, under plant species is diversity. The result of factor analysis shows: the relatedness exists between structure factors of plant community, four factors contain 85%of information content: canopy, average high of arborous layer, density of arborous layer and underbrush character. The soil factor correlate with the height growth and density of the community; The species component, density and index of crown cover in the tree layer effect on distribution of illumination and under plants in the plant community. Analyzing shows: the landscape of the community is most correlative to the structure, the broad-leaf mixed forest has a most landscape effect in Shanghai.
出处
《中国园林》
2000年第2期22-25,共4页
Chinese Landscape Architecture
关键词
园林植物群落
生态结构
景观效应
Plant community
Ecological structure
Landscape effect.
