摘要
目的了解广州市主要的公共场所和工作场所室内PM2.5浓度水平和影响因素,为制定相关卫生标准及政策法规提供科学依据。方法通过分层抽样方法抽取10类工作场所及公共场所,使用AM510便携式防爆智能数字粉尘仪进行30min室内空气PM2.5的浓度检测,通过单因素以及多重对应分析等方法对室内PM2.5浓度的影响因素进行分析。结果全市各类场所室内PM2.5平均浓度为61.17μg/m3,其中长途汽车站、火车站等交通场所以及酒店、宾馆等食宿场所浓度较高,均值分别为98.80和76.59μg/m3;单因素分析显示,与中心城区相比,县级市场所的PM2.5浓度水平相对较低(Dunnett-t=-0.19,P=0.003)。闻到油烟味或发现有人正在吸烟的场所的PM2.5浓度水平均高于未发现的(t=3.03,P=0.003;t=2.19,P=0.031);多重对应分析结果显示,室内PM2.5浓度高多与食宿或者交通场所、无禁烟标识、吸烟行为、闻到油烟有关。结论广州市各类场所室内PM2.5浓度水平较高,在酒家、饭店等餐饮场所以及长途汽车站等交通站点污染较严重,应加强对这类场所的监管,保护公众健康。
Objective To study the PM2.5 level and its influencing factors in work places and public places in Guangzhou, so as to provide basic data for establishing the policy and hygienic standard. Methods Based on the stratified sampling method, 10 kinds of indoor sites in workplaces and public places were sampled. AM510 artificial intelligence anti explosion dust detectors were used to test indoor PM2.5 of all selected sites in 30 minutes. Analysis of single factor and correspondence analysis（CA） were applied to analysis associated factors for air indoor PM2.5. Results The average indoor PM2.5 level in all selected places was 61.17 g/m3. The average indoor PM2.5 concentration in bus and train stations, restaurants or hotels were higher（98.80 and 76.59 g/m3） than those in other places. The average indoor PM2.5 concentration of places in the suburbs were lower than that in downtowns（Dunnett t=-0.19,P=0.003）. The average indoor PM2.5 concentration of places where there were cooking oil fume or smoking behaviors were higher than that of the places without （t=3.03,P=0.003;t=2.19,P=0.031）. Through correspondence analysis, stations, restaurants or hotels, none no smoking ban, smoking behaviors, and cooking oil fume were associated to high indoor PM2.5 concentration. Conclusions The indoor PM2.5 concentration were high in main working places and public places in Guangzhou, especially in stations, restaurants or hotels. Policy making and supervising should be enhanced to protect public health.
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2012年第10期1252-1254,1267,共4页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
基金
广州市医药卫生科技项目(20121A011110)
