摘要
采用野外调查方法结合典范对应分析(CCA),研究了巢湖东部湖区的入湖河道水生植被的群落结构特征和区系特征及其与环境因子的相关性.结果表明:共发现常见水生植物物种63种,隶属于28科54属,其中沉水植物4种,漂浮植物3种,浮叶植物2种,挺水植物10种,湿生植物44种.区系分析发现该区域的水生植被呈现隐域性和热带向北温带过渡的亚热带特征,植物种属主要以世界分布属和北温带分布属为主,其次是泛热带分布属,分别占总数的35.19%、31.48%和12.96%;这54属水生植物的地理分布区类型共有中国种子植物所占的15个分布区类型中的10个,而缺少5个地理分布区类型.入侵种空心莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)分布广泛,河道呈现一定程度的堵塞状态;沉水植物物种则趋于单一化和分布面积狭小,尤其在水体污染严重的区域(如:双桥河流域和小柘皋河下游)几近衰退.CCA分析表明巢湖东部湖区入湖河道水生植物的空间分布主要受水体理化指标影响,而非水深的影响.总之,巢湖东部湖区入湖河道水质污染加重,水生植物群落结构极不合理、地理成分复杂程度偏低且具有明显的隐域性,沿河村镇的污水处理以及保护与恢复水生植物尤其沉水植物类群迫在眉睫.
Community structure and floristic compositions of aquatic plant communities in the inflowing rivers of East Chaohu Lake was surveyed, and their relationships with environmental factors were analyzed with canonical correspondence analysis （CCA）. The results showed that there were 63 species, affiliating to 54 genera in 28 families, found in the inflowing rivers of East Chaohu Lake, including 4 submersed species, 3 floating specie, 2 floating-leaved species, 10 emergent macrophytes and 44 hygrophytes. Flora analysis revealed intrazonal feature and subtropical transition feature from tropical to Northern （N） temperate zone, with prevailing cosmopolitan, N temperate and pantropic genera components （35.19%, 31.48% and 12.96%, respectively）. The 54 genera of aquatic plants could be categorized into 10 areal-types. In addition, Alternanthera philoxeroides, an exotic species, growing fast and profusely, filled the river channels. In contrast, submersed macrophytes significantly declined in both species diversity and their distributions, especially in heavily polluted areas, such as the Double- Bridge River and the downstream of Xiaozhegao River. CCA analysis showed that the community structures were mainly affected by physicochemical factors rather than the water-levels. In conclusion, the inflowing rivers of East Chaohu Lake were heavily polluted, the community structure of aquatic plants was degraded, and their endemic genera were declining owning toincreasing pollution. Fig 2, Tab 4, Ref35
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第6期889-896,共8页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
国家重大科技专项(Nos.2012ZX07105004
2008ZX07106-2)
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No.2012ZX07101-002-001)资助~~
