摘要
目的了解脑卒中患者住院期间便秘及认知功能情况，并探讨其相关性。方法本研究是横断面研究，采用便利抽样方法对广州市10家医院的723例脑卒中住院患者进行调查，采取自制问卷调查人口统计学资料、卒中情况、排便情况，采用简易精神智力量表（mini—mentalstateexamination，MMSE）了解认知障碍情况。结果本组患者脑卒中后便秘及脑卒中后认知障碍（post—strokecognitivedysfunction，PSCD）发生率分别为34．6％、62．4％，其中缺血性卒中便秘的发生率为31．O％，出血性卒中为44．8％，出血合并梗死便秘发生率为47．4％，3种类型脑卒中患者的便秘发生率比较差异有统计学意义；按卒中时期，急性期便秘发生率为41．9％，恢复期31．5％，后遗症期22．6％，3个时期便秘发生率比较差异有统计学意义。便秘组MMSE评分显著低于非便秘组，尤其在定向力、即刻记忆、注意力及计算力、阅读及表达之间比较差异有统计学意义，其中以表达的相关性最强；不同程度认知障碍患者的便秘发生率比较差异显著，且两者间呈显著正相关，其中轻、中、重度认知障碍便秘发生的危险性是正常者的1．519、2．879、3．064倍。结论存在认知障碍的脑卒中患者更容易发生便秘，提示医护人员在诊治和护理工作中，应及早关注认知功能的改变，并采取预防及治疗性措施。
Objective To understand the status of cognitive dysfunction among new onset constipa- tion after stroke and to explore the relationship between them. Methods With a self-designed question- naire, the general information of 723 inpatients from 10 hospitals in Guangzhou were collected, including general demographic information, stroke situation, defecation situation and Mini- mental State Examination （MMSE）etc. Results The incidence of new-onset constipation, cognitive dysfunction（PSCD）after stroke was respectively 34.6% and 62.4%. Among whom 31.0% in ischemic stroke, 44.8% in hemorrhagic stroke, 47.4% in cerebral hemorrhage and infarction. There was statistical significance between stroke type and constipation, and ischemic stroke had statistical significance compared to other two types. During the acute phase reached 41.6%, the recovery phase 31.5% and the sequelae phase 22.6%. The rates of constipation patients with cognitive dysfunction were higher than patients without cognitive dysfunction,and the differ- ence in directional force, memory, attention and calculation force, reading and expression was statistically significant respectively, among which expression was the most relevant. The difference in the incidence of constipation among different cognitive dysfunction groups was statistically significant, and they were posi- tively correlated, compared with normal cognitive function, the light, medium and severe cognitive dysfunc- tion was 1.519, 2.879, 3.064 times respectively. Conclusions Medical staff need to be alerted to the pos- sibility that patients with impaired cognitive function may be at greater risk of constipation. The preventive and treatment measures should be emphasized in order to improve patients＂ cognitive function.
出处
《中国实用护理杂志》
北大核心
2013年第5期20-23,共4页
Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing
基金
南方医院优秀人才基金（20030012）
关键词
脑卒中
便秘
认知障碍
Stroke
Constipation
Cognitive dysfunction
