摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加硒和维生素E对西门塔尔牛瘤胃发酵和尿嘌呤衍生物含量的影响。选用4头5岁、平均体重为(500±20)kg的装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的西门塔尔阉牛,采用4×4两因素随机试验设计,以玉米青贮和精料补充料为基础饲粮,在基础饲粮中分别添加0、0.1、0.2和0.3 mg/kg硒和0、30、60和90 IU/kg的维生素E,共形成16组饲粮,硒水平(mg/kg)/维生素E水平(IU/kg)分别为0/0(1组)、0.1/0(2组)、0.2/0(3组)、0.3/0(4组)、0/30(5组)、0.1/30(6组)、0.2/30(7组)、0.3/30(8组)、0/60(9组)、0.1/60(10组)、0.2/60(11组)、0.3/60(12组)、0/90(13组)、0.1/90(14组)、0.2/90(15组)、0.3/90(16组)。结果表明:1)瘤胃pH 4、8、12组显著低于1、5、9、13组(P<0.05);氨态氮含量1～4组与9～16组,5～8组与12～16组之间分别达到极显著水平(P<0.01),5～8组显著高于9～11组(P<0.05);乙酸、丙酸和丁酸含量8、12组显著高于1组(P<0.05);总挥发性脂肪酸含量8、12、14组显著高于5、9、13组(P<0.05)。2)玉米秸秆有机物质的瘤胃降解率4、8、12、14组极显著高于1、2、3组(P<0.01),显著高于5、6、9、13组(P<0.05);中性洗涤纤维的瘤胃降解率4、8、12、16组极显著高于1、3、5、9、13组(P<0.01);酸性洗涤纤维的瘤胃降解率8和12组极显著高于1、3、5、9、11、13、14、15组(P<0.01)。3)精料补充料有机物质的瘤胃降解率14组显著高于1组(P<0.05);粗蛋白质的瘤胃降解率4组显著高于10组(P<0.05)。4)尿囊素和尿酸含量8、12、14组显著高于1组(P<0.05);尿嘌呤衍生物含量8组极显著高于1组(P<0.01),12和14组显著高于1组(P<0.05)。综上所述,添加硒和维生素E促进了瘤胃发酵,提高了尿嘌呤衍生物含量,适宜添加水平分别为0.3 mg/kg、30 IU/kg。
This study was to investigate the effects of supplementation of selenium and vitamin E on rumen fer- mentation and urinary purine derivative contents in Simmental steers. Four Simmental steers [ average body weight of （500 ±20） kg, 5 years old] with permanent rumen fistulas were used in a 4 ×4 two-factor design. Those steers were fed a basal diet consisted of corn silage and concentrate supplement which was added with 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg/kg selenium and 0, 30, 60 and 90 IU/kg vitamin E. Selenium （mg/kg） /vitamin E （IU/kg） levels in the sixteen groups were 0/0 （ group 1 ）, 0.1/0 （ group 2 ）, 0.2/0 （ group 3 ）, 0.3/0 （ group 4 ）, 0/30 （ group 5 ）, 0.1/30 （ group 6 ）, 0.2/30 （ group 7 ）, 0.3/30 （ group 8）, 0/60 （ group 9）, 0.1/60 （group 10）, 0.2/60 （group 11）, 0.3/60 （group 12）, 0/90 （group 13）, 0.1/90 （group 14）, 0.2/90 （ group 15 ） and 0.3/90 （ group 16 ）, respectively. The results showed as follows ： 1 ） ruminal pH in groups 4, 8 and 12 was significantly lower than that in groups 1, 5, 9 and 13 （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Ammonia nitrogen content was significantly different between groups 1 to 4 and groups 9 to 16, between groups 5 to 8 and groups 12 to 16 （ P 〈 0.01 ）, respectively, and that in groups 5 to 8 was significantly higher than that in groups 9 to 11 （P 〈 0.05 ）. The contents of acetate, propionate and butyrate in groups 8 and 12 were significantly higher than those in group 1 （P 〈0.05）, and the total volatile fatty acid content in groups 8, 12 and 14 was signifi- cantly higher than that in groups 5, 9 and 13 （ P 〈 0.05）. 2 ） Organic matter degradability of corn straw in groups 4, 8, 12 and 14 was significantly higher than that in groups 1, 2 and 3 （ P 〈 0.01 ）, and significantly higher than that in groups 5, 6, 9 and 13 （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Neutral detergent fiber degradability of corn straw in groups 4, 8, 12 and 16 was significantly higher than that in groups 1, 3, 5, 9 and 13 （P 〈0.01）. Acid de- tergent fiber degradability of corn straw in groups 8 and 12 was significantly higher than that in groups 1, 3, 5, 9, 11, 13, 14 and 15 （P 〈0.01 ）. 3） Organic matter degradability of concentrate supplement in group 14 was significantly higher than that in group 1 （P 〈 0.05 ） ; crude protein degradability in group 4 was signifi- cantly higher than that in group 10 （ P 〈 0.05 ）. 4） The contents of allantoin and uric acid in groups 8, 12 and 14 were significantly higher than those in group 1 （P 〈 0.05） ; purine derivative content in group 8 was signif- icantly higher than that in group 1 （ P 〈 0.01 ）, and that in groups 12 and 14 was significantly higher than that in group 1 （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The results indicate that selenium and vitamin E has a positive influence on rumen fer- mentation and urinary purine derivative contents. The optimum selenium and vitamin E levels are 0.3 mg/kg and 30 IU/kg, respectively. [ Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2013, 25 （2） ： 326-3331
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期326-333,共8页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
山西省科技攻关项目(20080311038)
山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(714198)
山西农业大学博士科研启动资金(410490)
关键词
硒
维生素E
瘤胃发酵
嘌呤衍生物
西门塔尔牛
selenium
vitamin E
rumen fermentation
purine derivative
Simmental steer
