摘要
综述了水环境中抗生素污染的主要类型、来源及对生态和健康的影响,指出医用抗生素、农林牧渔用抗生素和企业废水中的抗生素是其主要污染来源。水环境中的抗生素污染改变了水生微生物菌群,导致耐药菌株的产生,在农副产品中残留,造成严重的过敏反应和毒副作用,并增加了患者的经济负担。提出了职能部门加强管理,提高医药工作人员的业务水平,选择最佳治疗方案,加强健康教育,合理使用农林牧渔业的抗生素等预防管理措施。
The article reviews the type, source and affects of antibiotic contamination in water environment on ecological environment and human health. Such antibiotics as used for medicine, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery and discharged from industrial wastewater were pointed out to be the main pollution source. The antibiotic contamination in water environment has changed the aquatic microbial flora, led to the e- mergence of drug-resistant strains. It also has caused the residues in agricultural products and then brought se- vere allergic reactions and toxic side effects. Those increase the economic burden of patients. Some protective and management measures were put forward, such as to strengthen management, to improve the professional skills of that who engaged in medicine, to select the best treatment, to strengthen the health education and to properly utilize the antibiotics in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery.
出处
《环境监测管理与技术》
2013年第1期14-17,21,共5页
The Administration and Technique of Environmental Monitoring
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(30972555)
天津市医药卫生2010年度科技攻关基金资助项目(10KG 215)
关键词
耐药菌
水环境
抗生素污染
Resistant organism
Water environment
Antibiotics pollution
