摘要
目的探讨不同籍贯孕产妇的生育观念及其焦虑和抑郁情绪的影响因素。方法选择符合标准的孕产妇219例,根据籍贯分为汕头籍94例、广州籍45例、外来籍80例,记录其社会人口学特征,比较不同籍贯孕产妇生育期望及生产状态。采用医学应对问卷(MCMQ)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、家庭环境量表中文版(FES-CV)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)及自评抑郁量表(SDS)进行调查。结果 (1)不同籍贯孕产妇年龄、文化程度、家庭类型、经济状况比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)不同籍贯孕产妇期望程度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同籍贯孕产妇孕周、妊高症发生率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)不同籍贯孕产妇MCMQ回避、面对和屈服因子得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(4)不同籍贯孕产妇SSRS客观支持、主观支持及支持利用因子得分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(5)不同籍贯孕产妇FES-CV家庭矛盾性、家庭娱乐性得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(6)不同籍贯孕产妇产前SAS得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);产后SAS得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(7)不同籍贯孕产妇产前、产后SDS得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多重线性回归分析结果显示,孕产妇期望程度、孕次、孕周、回避、屈服、家庭知识性、家庭娱乐性、家庭矛盾性、情感表达、客观支持、主观支持等对产前、产后焦虑和抑郁情绪存在着不同程度的影响。结论不同籍贯孕产妇的生育观念仍存在差异,产前、产后焦虑和抑郁情绪较为突出且存在较多影响因素,但性别偏好观念有弱化趋势,应加强对围生期孕产妇的干预和引导,避免不良情绪的发生。
Objective To explore the concept of child - bearing of pregnant women from different native places and in- fluencing factors of their anxiety and depression. Methods A total of 219 pregnant women were divided, according to native places, into groups A （n =94, from Shantou）, B （n =45, from Guangzhou）, C （n =80, from other places）. The charac- teristics of their social demography were recorded, expectations and production status of pregnant women from different native places compared. This study was preformed by Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire （ MCMQ）, Social Support Rating Scale （ SSRS）, Chinese Version of Family Environment Scale （ FES - CV）, Self - rating Anxiety Scale （ SAS）, Self - rating Depres- sion Scale （SDS）. Results （1） There were significant differences in age, educational level, family type, economic condi- tion between 3 groups （P 〈 0. 05）. （2） There were significant differences in reproductive expectation, gestational weeks and incidence of pregnancy - induced hypertension （P 〈 0. 05）. （3） There were significant differences in each factor of MCMQ scores. （4） There was no significant difference in SSRS scores （P 〉 0. 05 ）. （5） There were significant differences in scores of family inconsistency and family entertainment of FES - CV （P 〈 0. 05）. （6） There was significant difference in SAS between 3 groups before production （P 〈 0. 05）, but there was no after production （P 〉 0.05 ）. （7） There was significant difference in SDS before or after production （P 〈 0. 05）. By multiple linear regression analysis, reproductive expectation, times of pregnan- cy, gestational week, avoidance, surrender, and intellectual, amusement, contradictoriness, feeling expression, objective and subjective support in family environment influence, to different extends, the pre - and post - productive anxiety and depres-sion. Conclusion There is difference between pregnant women from different native places in concept of child - beating, espe- cially in pre - and post -productive anxiety and depression and the influencing factors are a lot. The concept of gender prefer- ence is weakening. Pregnant women in perinatal period should be given intervention and guidance to avoid the occurrence of n- ative emotions.
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期539-542,共4页
Chinese General Practice
基金
广东省人口计生委科研课题项目(2007047)
关键词
孕产妇
生育期望
焦虑
抑郁
医学应对方式
家庭环境
Pregnant women
Expectation of bearing
Anxiety
Depression
Medical coping mode
Family enviro-ment
