摘要
文章利用甘南藏族自治州合作市藏族、回族和汉族居民调查数据,分析了典型区域的族际就业差距及影响因素。主要发现:第一,扣除教育等因素的影响后,民族身份存在一个影响个人职业获得的净效应。在获得高层次职业方面,藏族拥有明显优势,汉族居中,回族处于劣势。第二,甘南藏区高层次白领职业领域的藏族-汉族差距很小,该结果不支持有些西方研究者所说的汉族不成比例地占据了少数民族聚居地区高层次职业岗位的观点。第三,受教育水平、年龄、城镇户口等因素对个体的职业获得有重要影响。第四,民族区域自治制度和民族政策有助于提升民族自治地方的主体少数民族群体(藏族)的职业获得水平。
The paper analyzes the ethnic difference in employment and its factors in Hezuo County of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture by using the data of investigation from Tibetan, Hui, and Han inhabitants in those areas. Several conclusions may be drawn as follows: firstly, ethnic identity generates a net effect which is related to personal vocational attainment except such factor as education. However, as for upper-level vocational attainment, Tibetan have more obvious advantage than Han, and Han have more obvious advantage than Hui. Secondly, Tibetan nearly are the same with Han in the upper-level or white-collar vocations in Gannan Tibetan Areas. This outcome is not in accord with some western scholars' viewpoints that Han disproportionately occupy positions of upper-level vocations in areas where ethnic minorities live in compact communities. Thirdly, those factors, such as education, age, urban registered permanent residence, have an important effect to the personal vocational attainment. Fourthly, the system of regional ethnic autonomy and the ethnic policies help to raise the level of vocational attainment of the body ethnic minorities which means Tibetan in those ethnic autonomous areas.
出处
《民族研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第2期26-37,123-124,共12页
Ethno-National Studies
关键词
族际就业差距
少数民族
汉族
甘南藏区
ethnic difference in employment
ethnic minorities
Han
Gannan Tibetan Areas.
