摘要
目的评价临夏回族自治州目标人群碘缺乏病健康教育效果。方法2006—2010年持续对甘肃省临夏回族自治州（临夏州）8个县（市）的碘缺乏病目标人群，分别通过学校和宗教宣传，开展了碘缺乏病健康教育，并在2006（健康教育前）、2010年（健康教育后），采用分层整群抽样方法，对该地5年级小学生和20-50岁的育龄妇女，进行碘缺乏病知识知晓情况问卷调查和访谈，评价健康教育效果。结果健康教育后，学生碘缺乏病知识及格率从健康教育前的55．6％（548／986）上升到了90．0％（1103／1225），对缺碘造成甲状腺肿、智力低下和生傻孩子及碘盐是最好防治方法知晓率分别从79．2％（781／986）、76．5．％（754／986）、51．7％（510／986）和82.3％（811／986）上升到88．8％（1088／1225）、85．6％（1049／1225）、68．7％（842／1225）和90．O％（1103／1225）。健康教育后，学生认为碘缺乏病一定能预防的信念持有率为87．3％（1069／1225），向父母宣传知识的行为具有率为52．9％（648／1225）。育龄妇女知识及格率从健康教育前的18．0％（118／657）上升到了86．2％（687／797），对缺碘造成甲状腺肿、智力低下和生傻孩子及碘盐是最好防治方法的知晓率分别从48．6％（319／657）、28．3％（186／657）、1514％（101／657）和39．6％（260／，657）上升到86．2％（687／797）、70．0％（558／797）、46-3％（369／797）和87．3％（696／797）。健康教育后，育龄妇女自觉购买合格碘盐的行为具有率为87．1％（694／797），正确食用碘盐的行为具有率为64．6％（515／797）。相关部门人员900＂／0以上知道碘缺乏病相关知识，尤其对缺碘造成的智力危害有了明确的认识，积极支持和参与碘缺乏病的防治。结论通过学校和宗教为主要的综合健康教育措施，提高了碘缺乏病目标人群的知识知晓率，促进了其自觉购买和食用碘盐的行为、信念和态度的转变，碘缺乏病防治的知、行、信达到了高度统一。通过宗教组织宣传是民族地区健康教育的良好模式，提高了健康教育的可行性和和可及性。其效果更加持久。
Objective To evaluate the effect of health education on the target population of iodine deficiency disorders （IDD） in Linxia Hui autonomous prefecture. Methods During 2006 - 2010, IDD health education was carried out in the target population of Linxia Hui autonomous prefecture, and IDD knowledge of 5th grade pupil and 20 - 50 years old child-bearing women were surveyed by stratified sampling and questionnaire survey methods to evaluate the effect of health education. Results After health education, IDD knowledge passing rate rose from 55.6% （548/986） and 18.0%（118/657） to 90.0%（1103/1225） and 86.2%（687/797） among pupils and women, respectively. The awareness rates of iodine deficiency in causing goiter, mental retardation and birth born silly children, and the key role of iodized salt in controling IDD were increased from 79.2% （781/986）, 76.5% （754/986）, 51.7% （510/986） and 82.3% （811/986） to 88.8% （1088/1225）, 85.6% （1049/1225）, 68.7% （842/1225） and 90.0% （1103/1225） among pupils, and from 48.6% （319/657）, 28.3% （186/657）, 15.4% （101/657） and 39.6% （260/657） to 86.2% （687/797）, 70.0% （558/797）, 46.3% （369/797） and 87.3%（696/797） among women, and all the difference were significant, respectively. Belief rate held by students that health education can prevent iodine deficiency disorders was 87.3% （1069/1225）, and 52.9% （648/1225） of the students told their parents about IDD. The rate of consciously purchase of qualified iodized salt was 87.1% （694/797） after health education among women of childbearing age, and the consumption rate of iodized salt was 64.6% （515/797）. More than 90% of the people in relevant departments knew iodine deficiency disorders related knowledge, in particular, had a clear understanding of intellectual hazards caused by iodine deficiency, and actively supported and participated in health education in the prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders. Conclusions Comprehensive health education measures taken through schools and religious organizations has promoted a shift in the behavior, beliefs and attitudes of its consciously purchase and consumption of iodized salt, and integrated knowledge, attitude and practice （KAP）. It is a good model of health education through religious organizations in ethnic minority areas. It has promoted the health education feasibility and accessibility, and the effect is more durable.
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期220-223,共4页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
基金
爱德基金会资助甘肃省碘缺乏病防治项目（41010406）
关键词
碘
甲状腺肿
地方性
健康教育
回族地区
Iodine
Goiter, endemic
Health education
Hui nationality
