摘要
2011年3-6月我国长江中下游地区发生了的重大旱灾,持续时间长,影响范围广,给人民群众的生产生活带来很大影响。针对此次灾害过程,通过典型案例分析,总结利用云参数法、光谱维-温度指数法、水体面积变化检测和工业产值损失人口统计法分别对气象干旱、农业干旱、水文干旱和社会经济干旱进行预警、监测和评估的过程;提出将不同角度的观测评估结果相结合进行灾情综合研判是利用遥感技术应对旱灾的重要发展和应用方向;最后,讨论了当前旱灾产品体系和应对过程的不足,指出了建立基于空间信息技术的灾害预警、监测和评估产品体系的迫切性。同时指出提高产品精度和实效性才能满足自然灾害救助应急预案的仿真和模拟精度要求。
From March to June 2011,a major drought occurred in the middle and lower reaches of Changjiang River,it lasted a long time and affected a wide coverage,had a great impact on people＇s production and life.Aimed at this disaster process,through typical cases studies,this paper summarizes the process of using cloud parameters algorithm,spectral-dimension and temperature drought index,change detection of water area and population statistical method of industrial output loss respectively to early-warn,monitor and assess meteorological drought,agricultural drought,hydrological drought and socio-economic drought.It is the important future development and application direction of dealing with drought to integrate the observation results of different angles to comprehensively judge the disaster condition.In the end,this paper discusses the lack of current drought product system and disaster fighting process,and indicates the necessity of establishment of disaster early-warning,monitoring and assessment system based on spatial information technology.
出处
《灾害学》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期51-54,共4页
Journal of Catastrophology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(91024008)
国家重大科技专项"高分辨率对地观测系统"(工信部国防科工局)
关键词
旱灾监测评估
云参数法
光谱维-温度指数
工业缺水人口
drought monitoring and assessment
cloud parameters algorithm
spectral-dimension and temperature drought index
population of water shortage in industry
