摘要
目的了解下呼吸道感染患者常见病原菌种类并对其药敏结果进行分析,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法对520例下呼吸道感染患者痰标本进行常规细菌培养,对培养出的病原菌进行鉴定和药物敏感试验。结果 520株病原菌中革兰阴性杆菌367株占70.6%,前3位菌株分别为肺炎克雷伯菌112株占21.5%、大肠埃希菌54株占10.4%、阴沟肠杆菌45株占8.7%,革兰阳性球菌83株占16.0%,前3位菌株分别为溶血葡萄球菌35株占6.7%、金黄色葡萄球菌22株占4.2%、表皮葡萄球菌16株占3.1%,真菌70株占13.4%;革兰阴性杆菌对碳青霉烯类高度敏感,革兰阳性球菌对利奈唑胺、万古霉素、喹奴普汀/达福普汀、呋喃妥因、氯霉素高度敏感。结论下呼吸道感染患者病原菌不同菌种对同一抗菌药物敏感差异较大,应根据药敏结果选择抗菌药物以减少耐药菌株的产生。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution of bacteria isolated from patients with lower respiratory tract infections and analyze the result of drug susceptibility testing so as to provide basis for the reasonable clinical use of antibiotics.METHODS The conventional bacterial culture was performed for the sputum specimens obtained from 520 patients with lower respiratory tract infections,the identification and the drug susceptibility testing were performed for the isolated pathogens.RESULTS Of 520 strains of pathogens isolated,the gram-negative bacilli accounted for 70.6%（367 strains）,the gram-positive cocci accounted for 16.0%（83 strains）,and the fungi accounted for 13.4%（70 strains）.The top three species of the gram-negative bacilli were Klebsiella pneumoniae（112 strains,21.5%）,Escherichia coli（54 strains,10.4%） and Enterobacter cloacae（45 strains,8.7%）;the top three species of gram-positive cocci were Staphylococcus haemolyticus（35 strains,6.7%）,Staphylococcus aureus（22 strains,4.2%） and Staphylococcus epidermidis（16 strains,3.1%）.The gram-negative bailli were highly sensitive to carbapenems.The gram-positive cocci were highly sensitive to linezolid,vancomycin,quinupristin/dalfopristin,nitrofurantoin and chloramphenicol.CONCLUSION The various species of pathogens causing the lower respiratory tract infections vary significantly in the drug resistance to the same antibiotic.It is necessary to use antibiotics on the basis of drug susceptibility testing result so as to reduce the drug resistant strains.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第9期2212-2214,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
下呼吸道感染
病原菌
耐药性
Lower respiratory tract infection
Pathogen
Drug resistance
