摘要
在教育全球化和信息化的背景下,基于"开放共享"理念的开放教育资源运动是全球教育发展的重要趋势。大规模在线开放课程(MOOC)是开放教育资源运动的新发展和突破,对人类文明传承和知识学习方式产生着深刻影响。目前,MOOC主要有两种模式:基于关联主义学习理论的cMOOC模式和基于行为主义学习理论的xMOOC模式。cMOOC课程模式侧重知识建构与创造,强调创造、自治和社会网络学习;而xMOOC课程模式更接近传统教学过程和理念,侧重知识传播和复制,强调视频、作业和测试等学习方式。xMOOC是MOOC的一种新型发展形式。利用xMOOC,在教学模式上可以设计自主学习模式和翻转课堂模式;在学习支持上可以提供课程索引、评价、推荐等功能;在学习分析上可以支持课程海量数据的学习分析,提高学习系统的适应性。xMOOC构建了一个由技术环境、社会环境和教学环境组成的学习生态系统,为开放教育带来了革新和新的研究问题。
Open Educational Resource Movement based on opening and sharing concept is an important global trend of educational development in the era of educational globalization and informatization.Massive Open Online Course（MOOC） is a new development and breakthrough of the movement and will have a profound impact on human civilization inheritance and knowledge learning style.Now there are two main models of MOOC：cMOOC,which is based on the connectivism learning theory and xMOOC,which is based on the behaviorism learning theory.cMOOC focuses on knowledge construction and creation and puts much emphasis on creation,autonomy and social network learning.xMOOC is more closer to traditional teaching process and concept,focusing on knowledge dissemination and duplication,as well as such learning methods of video,homework and test.xMOOC is a new development of MOOC,which enables the design of independent learning model and flipped classroom model,the provision of course indexing,evaluation and recommendation in learning support,and the analysis of massive courses data to improve the adaptability of learning systems.xMOOC constructs an ecosystem composed of technical environment,social environment and instructional environment.It has brought about both revolution and new questions for open education.
出处
《现代远程教育研究》
CSSCI
2013年第3期13-19,共7页
Modern Distance Education Research
基金
上海市教育科学研究项目"大规模虚拟学习社区的模型构建与知识发现研究"(B12025)
上海大学创新基金项目"基于社会语义网的e-Learning研究"(A.10-0503-11-001)
