摘要
美国是目前农业航空装备技术最先进、应用最广泛的国家,农业航空服务组织体系完善,航空施药作业规范,施药部件系列齐全。一些精准农业技术手段如GPS自动导航、施药自动控制系统、各种作业模型已步入实用阶段,作业精准、高效,对环境的污染低。随着精准农业的发展,航空遥感技术、空间统计学、变量施药控制等技术也用于美国农田产量监测,植物的水分、营养状况、病虫害监测。提出了为改善目前技术存在的不足,提高数据准确性和生产效率,需解决的主要技术问题和研究热点,包括:图像实时处理技术、多传感器数据融合技术、航空变量喷洒技术。
The United States has the most advanced equipment and applications in agricultural aviation. It also has a complete service system in agricuhural aviation. This article introduced the current status of aerial applications including service, equipment, and aerial application techniques. It had a complete system including various components for aerial applications which could fit into the different applications. It had practical application of different advanced technologies such as GPS autonomous guidance, variable rate technology, and application models. This article also summarized the techniques in remote sensing, spatial statistic, and variable rate controls, and how these technologies had been used in yield estimation and monitoring for crop water and nutrient stresses, and also pest damages. This article also showed the current status of USA precision aerial application and also provided some thought of the future direction in precision aerial applications including real-time imaging processing, variable rate technologies, and multisensory data fusion.
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期194-201,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2008AA10902)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项资助项目(201203025)
江苏省科技合作计划资助项目(BZ2009056)
关键词
精准农业
航空施药
遥感
飘移
自动导航
Precision agriculture
Aerial application
Remote sensing
Drift model
GPS
