2HENLEY M B, CHAPMAN J R, AGEI. J, et al. Treatment of type II, IIIA, and IIIB open fractures of the tibial shaft: a pro spective comparison of unreamed interlocking intramedullary nails and half-pin external fixators[J]. Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma, 1998,12(1) :1-7.
3TIELINEN L, LINDAHL J E, TUKIAINEN E J. Acute unre- amed intramednllary nailing and soft tissue reconstruction with muscle flaps for the treatment of severe open tibial shaft fractures [J]. Injury,2007, 38(8) :906- 912.
4YOKOYAMA K, ITOMAN M, UCHINO M,et al. Immediate versus delayed intramedullary nailing for open fractures of the tibi- al shaft: A multivariate analysis of factors affecting deep infection and fracture healing[J]. IndianJ Orthop,2008,42(4),410 41g.
6GAEBLER C, MCQUEEN M M, VECSEI V,et al. Reamed ver sus minimally reamed nailing: a prospectively randomized study of 100 patients with closed fractures of the tibia[J]. Injury, 2011,42: 17- 21.
7DEMIRTAS A, AZBOY, DURAKBASA M O, et al. The rela tionship between the quadriceps muscle strength and the anterior knee pain occurring after locked intramedullary nailing for tibial diaphysis fractures[J]. Eklem Hastalik Cerrahisi, 2011, 22(2): 81-84.