摘要
贵州郞德苗寨是我国民族村寨旅游的典范,其社区主导、全民参与、以工分制为典型特征的运行模式和分配制度,被称为"郎德模式"。在国内外学者积极倡导社区参与旅游发展赋予社区权力的呼声中,郎德人20多年来一直在实践这种理念并取得丰厚的物质、制度和精神成果,这为研究旅游地社区增权模式和路径提供了一个理想的"试验场"。文章在文献研究和多次实地调研的基础上,通过介绍郎德苗寨社区参与旅游发展组织演进与制度建构过程,认为郎德苗寨社区组织演进与制度构建使当地社区在旅游发展背景下实现了经济增权、社会增权、心理增权和政治增权。郎德苗寨社区增权实践表明:旅游发展背景下农民组织化是社区增权的有效路径,制度构建为社区增权提供了有效保障,社区精英作用的有效发挥是社区增权的助推器,政府的有限介入有利于扩大社区增权的边界。
Tourism in the village of Langde Miao is an example of ethnic village tourism in China. Its mode of operation and distribution system--characterized by community guidance, public participation, and the work-point systemIis known as the ＂ Langde Mode＂. Because domestic and foreign scholars advocate community participation in tourism development, the villagers in Langde have been actively involved for 20 years. Their success, both social and financial, provides an ideal model to investigate the role of community empowerment and its role in promoting tourism. To this end, using literature reviews and empirical research, we have evaluated the Langde Miao people＇ s community participation in its tourism. We speculate that the evolution of the Langde Miao eommunity＇ s organizational and systematic skills to develop tourism have fostered the local community＇ s economic, social, and political success. The practice of community empowerment to develop tourism demonstrates that local organization is an effective way to achieve success. Furthermore, systematic construction offers effective security for community empowerment. This success can then further support the importance community empowerment, requiring limited intervention by the government. These benefits illustrate the effectiveness of community empowermcnt that can then be expanded to other localities throughout China.
出处
《旅游学刊》
CSSCI
2013年第6期75-86,共12页
Tourism Tribune
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(10YJA850021)
国家社会科学基金项目(07CMZ014)资助~~
关键词
郎德苗寨
社区旅游
组织演进
制度建构
增权意义
Langde Miao Village
community tourism
organizational evolution
systematic construction
empowerment significance
