摘要
古代西藏的阿里地区很早就拥有自成一体的政治文明,7世纪中期卫藏地区兴起的雅砻政权第一次将西部西藏置于直接管治之下,吐蕃王朝在象雄故地实施了近200年的政治治理,吐蕃与象雄的结合形成后世藏族文化的主体。9世纪中后期,吐蕃王朝崩溃以后藏区四分五裂,阿里地区逐渐形成拉达克和古格两个地方政权。自后弘期以来,藏传佛教诸教派相继兴起并在卫藏和阿里传播,各种教派与当地政治紧密融合。15世纪以来,阿里和卫藏地区的主导教派的演进渐生分歧,最终造成噶举派和格鲁派之间的剧斗。阿里古格王国灭亡后,格鲁派凭借蒙古和硕特汗王的势力建立起甘丹颇章政权,而主巴噶举派也在周边地区获得政治实力,双方关系长期紧张的结果却使得卫藏与阿里的政教关系更加紧密。17世纪后半期卫藏中心政权终于完成了对阿里地区的第二次统一,西藏地方政府在阿里地区的政教统治得以建立。
The ancient Tibetan mngav-ris prefecture had has their own polictical civilization for a long time. The yar lung dynasty rised from dbus-gtsang area firstly put western Tibet into their direct rule in mid 7th-century. The Tibet Empire had administered zhang-zhung area for nearly 200 years. The combination of the two civilization constituted the main body of the hereafter Tibetan culture., the Tibet came apart since the mid 7th century, because of the collapse of the Tibet Empire. The mngarv-ris prefecture had been composed of two regimes ：Ladakh and Tibet. Since the post-propagation period of Tibetan Buddhism, all kinds of the Tibetan Buddhism sects had emerged one after another and spread across dbus-gtsang and mngav-ris. All kinds of these sects had associated with each local authority. The evolutions of the leading sects in mngav-ris and dbus-gtsang had gradually bring about different ideologies, which ultimately caused an acute struggle between the bkav-brgyud sect and the dge-lugs sect. Since the perish of the Gu-ge Kingdom, the dge-lugs sect relied on Qesot mongolians to build their own government dgav-ldan-pho-brang. At the same time, the vbrug pa sect obtained their own strong presence in the surronding area of dbus-gtsang prefecture. The long-term tension between the two sects result in more intimate association of mngav-ris and dbus-gtang. The dbus-gtsang core regime finally reunified nmgav-ris second time in the mid 17th century, the polictical and religious rule in mngav-ris area by the Tibetan local government had been built in the end.
出处
《贵州民族研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第3期141-145,共5页
Guizhou Ethnic Studies
关键词
西藏卫藏阿里
Tibet
dbus-gtsang
mngav-ris
