摘要
为明确生物炭对水稻根系与产量的效应,探明生物炭在水稻生产上应用的潜力与价值。采用盆栽试验研究了生物炭对超级粳稻不同生育期根系生长、形态特征及生理特性的影响。结果表明,土壤中施入生物炭能增加水稻生育前期根系的主根长、根体积和根鲜重,提高水稻根系总吸收面积和活跃吸收面积。在水稻生育后期,生物炭在一定程度上延缓了根系衰老。根系伤流速率与根系活力在整个生育期内均高于对照,同时维持了较为适宜的根冠比,根系生理功能增强;生物炭处理的水稻产量增加,表现为每穴穗数、每穗粒数、结实率提高,比对照平均增产25.28%。以每千克干土加20 g生物炭处理的产量最高,比对照提高了33.21%。生物炭处理对水稻根系形态特征的优化与生理功能的增强具有一定的促进作用。
A pot experiment was conducted to clarify the effects of biochar on roots and yield of super japonica rice and the applicable value of biochar in rice production.In early growing stage,biochar application increased the main root length and volume and fresh weight of roots,leading to enlarged root total absorption area and active absorption area.In late growing stage,biochar application delayed root senescence in some extents and maintained relatively high activity of rice roots.Compared to the control,biochar treatments showed higher root physiological activity,which resulted in increased bleeding rate and root activity in the whole growing period.The average yield of biochar treatments was 25.28% higher than that of the control,due to improved panicle number per hill,grain number per panicle,and seed-setting rate.The optimal amount of biochar application was 20 g in one kilogram of dry soil,which produced the highest yield with 33.21% increase over the control.Therefore,biochar is favorable to optimize root morphology and physiological characteristics in rice.
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第8期1445-1451,共7页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31101105)
院士专项基金
辽宁工程技术研究计划基金项目(2011402021)资助
