摘要
目的探讨授权教育对冠心病患者的疾病自我管理行为、自我效能的影响。方法选取196例冠心病患者随机分为实验组和对照组。由指定的心血管专科医生进行第一次疾病知识宣教后，分别由研究者、心内科注册护士进行相应分组的健康教育。对全部患者在入组时、3，6个月时分别填写“基本情况调查表、冠心病自我管理行为量表、冠心病自我效能问卷量表”，并测量体重指数、腰围、血压、血糖、血脂等。结果干预后3，6个月与干预前比较，2组冠心病患者自我效能得分、自我管理行为总分及各维度得分均明显改善，差异显著；且实验组的患者在于预后6个月这种差异仍持续存在。与对照组比较，实验组冠心病患者自我效能总分及各维度得分、自我管理行为总分及各维度得分均明显增高，差异显著。而在对照组的患者干预6个月后，自我管理行为中不良嗜好管理、症状管理、急救管理、一般生活管理、疾病知识管理方面无显著改善。结论授权教育能够明显提高和改善冠心病患者的自我效能及自我管理行为能力，提高患者对自身疾病的管理能力和信心。且在增加患者自我效能感、改善患者自我管理行为方面更为持久，从而超越传统的健康教育方式，有望成为在新的医学模式下的一种有效的健康教育方式。
Objective To evaluate the influence of empowerment education on self-management ability and self-efficacy of patients with coronary heart disease （CHD）. Methods 190 patients with CHD were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. And all patients were trained respectively according to corresponding health education plan of each group by professional worker. These patients filled out the Essential Information Questionnaire （EIQ）, Self-Efficacy Integration Scale （SEIS） and Coronary Artery Disease Self-management Scale（CSMS） at baseline, 3 months and 6 months after health education. The clinical indexes in two groups such as body mass index, waistline, blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipid were contrasted. Results The score of self-management ability and the score of self-efficacy in the experimental group was signifieandy more than that of the control group in 3 months and 6 months after health education, and this difference between two groups still persisted 6 months after health education. However, the score of symptom-maintaining in the SEIS and self-management of addiction, emergency, lifestyle and knowledge of diseases in the CSMS appeared to drop in the control group. Conclusions Empowerment education can significantly improve and increase the self-management ability and self-efficacy of patients with CHD , and this function of empowerment education was proved more enduring than that of traditional health education. So, empowerment education will be a new style of health education in the new model of clinical medicine instead of traditional health education.
出处
《中国实用护理杂志》
北大核心
2013年第25期62-66,共5页
Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing
关键词
健康教育
授权教育
自我管理行为
自我效能感
冠心病
Health education
Empowerment education
Self-management ability
Self-efficacy
Coronary heart disease
