摘要
金朝建国之后近四十年,仍将政治中心置于旧居的东北之地上京会宁府,但其扩张趋势却是始终一贯地朝向西南。由首都上京会宁府辐射至南境河南、陕西的政权控制力,已如强弩之末。金海陵王完颜亮断然迁都燕京,遂使金政权的空间结构达到一种较合理的状态。但是,迁都的直接动力,并非空间的合理化问题,而是金政权的进取心。至海陵末年为止,金政权在发展的空间方向上又重新接续了皇统初所中断的趋势,即继续向南。由此,中原皇朝历来对北境的极度关注,在金初至海陵统治期,没有太多的表现。迁都燕京,并不会直接导致金之衰亡,但它所体现的是金政权对其他方向的威胁漠然无视的态度,这一态度及相应的南征之举,引起了北境防线的崩塌,此后再未能修复,为半个世纪以后的蒙古伐金及金朝政权的灭亡埋下了伏笔。
Nearly four decades after the establishment of the Jin Dynasty,its political center was still at the Huining
Mansion of Shangjing,but its expansion was always directed towards the southwest.Its political control of Henan and Shan'xi in the south had weakened considerably.Wanyan Liang,the King of Hailing,abruptly moved the capital to Yanjing,which was geopolitically a wise move.However,the direct motive did not come from a consideration of geography,but rather the simple urge to expand.Till the late reign of Wanyan Liang, the regime of Jin continued again the southward expansion which had been suspended since the early Huangtong years.From then on,the extreme attention that the empires in the Central Plain paid to the northern frontier had waned.Moving the capital to Yanjing did not directly cause the fall of the regime,but it expressed the indifferent attitude toward the threats in other directions.That attitude and act of southern campaign caused the collapse of defense line in northern frontier which was never be restored again,foreshadowing the attack of Mongolia on the Jin Dynasty as well as the downfall of Jin half a century later.
出处
《文史哲》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第5期124-139,167-168,共16页
Literature,History,and Philosophy
