摘要
大豆菌核病主要由真菌Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.)de Bary侵染,是世界范围的大豆病害,也是我国大豆主产区的主要病害。利用不同地区和寄主来源的4个菌核病分离物对44份大豆微核心种质进行连续2年的田间接种鉴定,筛选抗/耐菌核病的大豆种质资源,为大豆抗菌核病育种提供优异抗性种质。结果表明:(1)不同大豆种质对菌核病的抗性不同,在44份微核心种质中,中抗种质6份(13.64%),中感种质27份(61.36%),感病种质9份(20.45%),高感I种质2份(4.55%),其中合丰24、大天鹅蛋、倪丁花眉豆、牛毛黄、大黄豆和五月黄6个中抗种质可作为抗性亲本用于大豆抗菌核病育种。(2)不同地区和寄主来源的4个菌核病分离物致病性不同,分离物黑西5(黑龙江省,大豆),病情指数49.32,病斑长度达到5.93 mm,致病性最强;黑饶24(黑龙江省,大豆)与Qin 24(青海省,油菜)致病性次之;Hef 50(安徽省,油菜)的病情指数为39.02,病斑长度为3.65 mm,致病性最弱。用黑西5鉴定和筛选抗菌核病大豆种质最为有效。
Soybean Sclerotinia stem rot is a fungal disease worldwide caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum（Lib.）de Bary.To identify resistant germplasm against S.sclerotiorum for soybean breeding,we evaluated 44 accessions of soybean from the Chinese mini core collection in a two-year field experiment by inoculating four S.sclerotiorum isolates collected from different geographical regions and hosts.The 44 accessions showed different resistance levels to various isolates.Six accessions（13.64%）were moderately resistant,27 accessions（61.36%）were moderately susceptible,9 accessions（20.45%）were susceptible,and the remaining 2 accessions（4.55%）were highly susceptible.No highly resistant germplasm was found indicating that resistant sources to S.sclerotiorum are rare in Chinese soybean mini core collection.Hefeng 24,Datian＇edan,Nidinghuameidou,Niumaohuang,Dahuangdou,and Wuyuehuang,which were moderately resistant,were valuable in soybean breeding for S.sclerotiorum resistance.The four S.sclerotiorum isolates had different pathogenicities over accessions and years.Heixi 5 isolated from soybean in Heilongjiang was the most pathogenic with average disease severity index of 49.32 and average lesion length of 5.93 mm.Heirao 24 isolate from soybean in Heilongjiang and Qin 24 isolated from oilseed rape in Qinghai had moderate pathogenicity.Hef 50 isolated from oilseed rape in Anhui showed the weakest pathogenicity with average disease severity index of 39.02 and average lesion length of 3.65 mm.Therefore,isolate Heixi 5 is most effective in identification of resistance to S.sclerotiorum in soybean.
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第10期1783-1790,共8页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项(2013ZX08004-004
2011ZX08004-004)
国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD35B06)资助
