摘要
采用野外调查与室内实验分析相结合的方法,以哈尔滨市街道广场绿地、单位附属绿地、苗圃生产绿地的"乔灌草密林、乔灌草疏林、灌木密林"植物群落为研究对象,综合评价不同植物群落土壤的重金属Zn、Cu、Pb含量与污染程度,对比分析不同植物群落的重金属修复效应及树木含水量、全氮、全磷含量与土壤重金属富集的相关性。结果表明:土壤重金属修复能力为乔灌草密林>灌木密林>乔灌草疏林;植物根系重金属富集能力最强,其中小根对锌、铜富集能力较强,大根、中根对铅富集能力较强;树种富集重金属能力显著不同,梓树、黄檗对铜富集能力较强,铺地柏、红皮云杉、小叶丁香对铅富集能力较强,紫丁香、胡桃楸对锌富集能力较强;树木富集铜和锌的能力与其叶片含水量、叶片全磷含量密切相关。为了有效修复土壤重金属污染,提出了优先选用耐重金属植物、努力提高乔灌木小根数量、科学营造乔灌草复层群落等种植对策。
Using combined method of field investigation and laboratory testing,bushes and trees to the streets and squares,green space affiliated to units,and productive plantation area of nursery in Harbin as the research object,comprehensive evaluation of three soil heavy metals(Zn,Cu,Pb)content and the degree of pollution,comparative analysis of remediation effects of different plant communities and the relativity between plant moisture,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and soil heavy metal content were studied.The results showed that the order of phytoremediation ability of soil heavy metal was trees,brushes and grasses dense forest>shrub dense forest>open forest.The accumulation ability of plant root was the strongest.The accumulation ability of fibrous root,taproot and root for zinc,copper and lead was stronger,respectively.The accumulation ability of Catalpa ovata,Phellodendron amurense for copper was stronger.Sabina procumbens,Picea asperata and Syringa microphylla had stronger accumulation ability for lead.Syringa oblata and Juglans mandshurica on zinc enrichment capability were stronger.The accumulation ability of zinc and copper was closely related to plant water content and total phosphorus content.To enhance the phytoremediation ability,the cultivation countermeasures of preferring the heavy metal resistant plants,increasing the number of fibrous roots of trees,shrubs and other plants and creating the arbor,shrub and grass storey communities were put forward.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期166-170,共5页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
中国环境保护部项目(STSN-05-08)
黑龙江省教育厅科技项目(11551051)
东北农业大学博士启动基金项目
关键词
植物群落
土壤重金属
植物富集
植物配置
城市绿地
plant communities
soil heavy metals
plant accumulation
plant disposition
urban green space
