摘要
通过大田试验系统研究了释放期为60 d的树脂包膜尿素（CU60）与普通尿素（U）不同配比基施对春玉米花前花后地上部干物质和吸氮量、地上部总吸氮量、氮肥利用效率、产量、净收益的影响,并对CU60氮素田间溶出特征进行分析。结果表明：在等氮量情况下,CU60与U的不同配比基施与习惯施肥比增加了花后干物质比例和花后吸氮量比例。在等氮量情况下,地上部总吸氮量、子粒吸氮量明显增加,氮肥利用率（REN）提高2-12个百分点,氮肥农学效率（AEN）提高2-5个百分点,氮肥偏生产力（PFPN）提高2-6个百分点,其中CU60与U的配比为3：7时上述各指标优于其他各处理。CU60与U的配比在2.5：7.5-4：6范围内基施与习惯施肥相比春玉米产量显著提高,增7.3%-10.7%,净收入增加1425-2166元·hm-2,其中CU60与U的配比为3：7时千粒重增加,产量最高。 CU60氮素在田间溶出时间大大延长,与U配比基施符合春玉米的吸氮动态。综上所述,在东北风沙土地区种植春玉米应用60d的树脂包膜尿素配施普通尿素最适宜比例为3：7。
A field experiment was conducted to study effects of controlled-release coated urea of 60-d release duration （CU60） combined with conventional urea （U） on dry matter and N accumulation amount at silking stage, nitrogen use efficiency, aboveground biomass nitrogen accumulation amount, yield, economic benefits for spring maize. In addition, nitrogen release was carried out under field conditions. The results indicated that when the same dosage nitrogen was applied, the ratios of dry matter and N accumulation amount after silking stage were higher than those of CK2. After comparasion of CU60 combined with U treatment and the traditional treatment （CK2）, the accumulations of total nitrogen and maize kernel nitrogen were obviously higher than CK2 with apparent recovery efficiency of applied N up by 2 to 12%, agronomic efficiency of applied N up by 2 to 5%, partial factor productivity from applied N up by 2 to 6 per cent. The best ratio is 30%CU： 70%U was when compared with other treatments. The spring maize yields were increased under 25%CU60＋75%U, 30%CU60＋70%U, and 40%CU60＋60%U used as base fertilizer with the grain yield increased by 7.3%-10.7% and net economic benefit increased by 1425-2166 yuan·hm-2. Compared with other treatments, the treatment of 30%CU＋ 70%U has the highest1000-grain weight and grain yield. Nitrogen release under field conditions of controlled-release coated urea of 60-d release duration was longer than under static water conditions at 25℃, the nutrient release under field conditions was accorded with nitrogen absorption dynamics of spring maize in Dongbei sandy loam region. To sum up, 30% CU60 combined with 70%U was a optimal choice for Dongbei spring maize production, especially for sandy loam.
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第9期1385-1390,共6页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
北京市科委项目(D0706004000091
Z11110505311092)
国家科技支撑项目(2008BADA4B04
2011BAD11B01
2011 BAD11B02)
关键词
春玉米
树脂包膜尿素
产量
净收入
氮素利用率
Spring maize
Controlled-release coated urea
Yield
Economic benefit
Nitrogen utilization efficiency
