摘要
记忆电机利用铝镍钴(aluminum-nickel-cobalt,AlNiCo)永磁材料的高剩磁、低矫顽力特性,通过施加瞬时的充去磁电流脉冲来改变永磁体磁化状态,以实现高效的在线调磁,被认为是一种真正意义上的可变磁通永磁电机,非常适于电动汽车、高速机床和飞轮储能等领域的应用。根据施加脉冲调磁电流的方式,记忆电机可以分为交流脉冲调磁型和直流脉冲调磁型两大类。该文分析并总结了现有记忆电机的结构特点、工作原理和各自的优缺点,阐述了记忆电机的关键共性问题,并针对现有记忆电机存在的不足,提出了一类磁通切换型记忆电机。该类电机具有感应电动势波形正弦、气隙磁通易于调节、定位力矩和转矩脉动小和容错能力强等优点,通过在线调磁与驱动的协调控制,可以使之适用于高精度宽调速伺服应用。该文对记忆电机的理论研究与工程应用具有一定的参考价值。
The memory machine （MM）, which employs aluminum-nickel-cobalt （AlNiCo） permanent magnet （PM） with intrinsical low coercivity and high remanence, is referred to as a genuine variable flux PM machine. It can achieve efficient online flux-adjustment by applying a temporary remagnetizing or demagnetizing current pulse to tune the magnetization state of PM, which exhibits significant feasibility for wide speed range operations, e.g. electric vehicles, high-speed machine tools and fly wheel energy storage applications. In terms of the pulsed current applying pattern, MM is categorized into AC-pulsed type and DC-pulsed type respectively. Additionally, this paper overviews the existing MMs with particular reference to their topological features, operating principles, merits and demerits, and then elaborates the common key problems of MMs. Finally, a novel embranchment of MMs entitled the flux-switching MM （FS-MM） is proposed to overcome some shortcomings of the existing MMs. Since it features sinusoidal back-EMF, remarkable flux controllability, low cogging torque and low torque ripple and sound fault-tolerant capability when it is operating, the proposed FS-MM can meet the requirements of highly precise wide-speed range servo applications through the coordinated control of the flux-adjustment and drive. The works of this paper can provide some reference for future theoretical study and engineering applications of MMs.
出处
《中国电机工程学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第33期57-67,8,共11页
Proceedings of the CSEE
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51377020)
江苏省2013年度普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目(CXZZ13_0095)
江苏省产学研前瞻性联合研究项目(BY2011151)~~
关键词
记忆电机
永磁电机
可变磁通
磁滞模型
磁通切换
memory machine
permanent magnet machine
variable flux
hysteresis model
flux-switching
