摘要
目的分析医务人员血源性职业暴露的危险因素，为制定预防控制措施提供依据。方法对2010年1月-2013年8月2103名医务人员进行调查，血源性职业暴露人员进行汇总及统计分析，采用SPSS13．0统计软件进行分析，组间比较采用X2值检验，P〈0．05差异有统计学意义。结果2103名医务人员发生血源性暴露84名，发生率4．0％；其中护士发生率最高为4．7％，其次医师发生率3．9％、技师0．9％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；肝胆外科及消化内科医务人员职业暴露发生率较高，分别为17．8％，15．5％；工龄〈5年的护士发生暴露的概率较高占6．5％，5～10年、11～15年及〉15年的护士暴露率分别为3．0％、2．4％、3．0％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；血源性病原体引起职业暴露最常见的原因是乙型肝炎病毒。结论加强重点人群、重点科室的职业安全教育及乙型肝炎疫苗的接种，是预防职业暴露的关键。
OBJECTIVE To analyze the risk factors of hematogenous occupation exposure among medical staff so as to provide evidence for developing prevention and control measures. METHODS A total of 2130 medical staff were selected for investigation from Jan. 2010 to Aug. 2013, and the ones in hematogenous occupation exposure were collected and analyzed. SPSS13.0 software was used for data analysis, X2 test was used for the comparison, with P〈0.05 representing the statistical significance. RESULTS Among the 2103 medical staff, 84 of them were in hematogenous occupational exposure, accounting for 4.0%; nurses had the highest rate, accounted for 4. 7%, followed by doctors 3.9%, technicians 0.9%, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05） ; the medical staff in department of hepatobiliary surgery and department of gastroenterology had higher occupational exposure rates, accounting for 17.8% and 15.5% ; nurses with working years less than 5 years had a higher probability of exposure, which was 6.5%, the nurses with the working years varying from 5 to 10 years 3.0%, the nurses with the working years varying from 11 to 15 years 2.4%, the nurses with the working years more than 15 years 3.0%, the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. The most common cause of the bloodborne occupational exposure was hepatitis B virus. CONCLUSION It is the key to strengthen the occupational safety education of the key populations and departments as well as the vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine so as to prevent the occupational exposure.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第24期6077-6078,共2页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
河北省重点科技研究基金(2005291)
关键词
医务人员
血源性病原体
职业暴露
Medical staff
Blood borne pathogen
Occupational exposure
