摘要
目的了解综合医院住院患者医院感染现状,为制定医院感染预防控制措施提供依据。方法 2011年8月30日、2012年8月8日0∶00-24∶00采用床旁调查和查阅住院病历相结合的方法,对住院患者的病历资料进行调查,包括当天出院、转科、死亡的患者,不包括当天新入院的患者。结果 2011年调查407例患者,15例发生医院感染,现患率3.69%,2012年调查509例患者,16例发生医院感染,现患率为3.14%,感染率最高的是重症监护病房占50.00%,感染的高发部位是上呼吸道及下呼吸道,两年分别占53.33%、43.75%及40.00%、12.50%,感染病原菌以大肠埃希菌为最多,两年分别占33.33%、37.50%;抗菌药物使用率分别为62.41%、41.85%;以单联用药为主,分别占74.02%、81.69%;感染标本送检率分别为33.33%、43.94%;调查显示,感染主要危险因素为男性高于女性,高龄、住院时间长、侵入性操作、化疗、使用激素、抗菌药物等。结论通过医院感染现患率调查,查找医院感染管理的薄弱环节,及时采取预防控制措施,有针对性地对高危人群、高发科室进行目标性监测,降低医院感染发生率。
OBJECTIVE To understand the current status of nosocomial infections of inpatients in the polyclinic, so as to provide the basis for the development of preventive and control measures for nosocomial infections. METHODS Medical records of the inpatients, including the patients discharged from hospital, transferred to other departments or deceased on the same day, but excluded the new hospitalized patients in polyclinic, were investiga-ted on august 30 2011 and august 8 2012 by the combined method of bedside investigation and medical records checking. RESULTS A total of 407 patients were investigated in 2011, and 15 cases were with nosocomial infec-tions with the nosocomial infection rate to be 3.69%. A total of 509 patients were investigated in 2012, and 16 ca-ses were with nosocomial infection with the nosocomial infection rate to be 3.14%. Infection rates were the high-est （50%） in ICU, and the high risk sites of infections were the upper and lower respiratory tracts, which accoun-ted for 53.33% ,43.75%, 40.00%, 12.50% in the two years. The infection with Escherichia coli was found to be the most, which accounted for 33.33%, 37.50% in the two years. The usage rate of antimicrobial drugs were 62.41%, 41.85% respectively; the major use was the single medication, which were 74.02%, 81.69% respec-tively; the inspection rates of infection specimen were 33.33%, 43.94% respectively. The investigation showed that the major risk factors for infection were more in males than in females, in elderly patients, in patients with longer duration of hospitalization, invasive operation, chemotherapy, and who used hormones and antimicrohial drugs. CONCLUSION Through the investigation of prevalence rate of nosoeomiai infections, we have found out the weaknesses of nosocomial infection management, and have taken preventive and control measures timely, as well as monitored the high-risk groups, high-risk department to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第23期5659-5661,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
宁夏石嘴山市科技攻关计划基金项目(2009-15)
关键词
医院感染
现患率
调查分析
Nosocomial infection
Prevalence rate
Investigation and analysis
