摘要
以采石废弃地地质环境调查资料和人地关系地域系统理论为基础,从生态环境破坏程度和周围环境敏感程度两方面构建采石废弃地生态环境影响评价模型;以GIS作为系统运行平台,采用层次分析法、综合评价模型、距离衰减法则、GIS的空间分析功能等方法,测算采石废弃地生态环境破坏程度、周围环境敏感程度以及生态环境影响程度,并通过构造生态环境影响程度矩阵对其进行分级。以徐州市铜山区实例分析表明,铜山区采石废弃地生态环境影响程度较高的区域主要集中于柳泉镇、茅村、利国镇;铜山区北部采石废弃地比铜山区南部更需要治理,研究成果可为政府科学地进行采石废弃地生态环境影响评价以及筛选急需生态环境治理的采石废弃地提供一种方法。
Abandoned quarries seriously destroy eco-environment and affect social and economic sustainable development.How to measure eco-environmental impact of abandoned quarries, which has become a problem, is what this paper is aimed to solve.GIS was taken as working platform.Firstly, based on the survey data of abandoned quarries geological environment and the theories of the relationship system between human beings and eco environment,eco-environmental impact evaluation model of abandoned quarries was built from two perspectives of eco-environmental damage and surrounding area sensitivity. Secondly, the evaluation index system of eco environmental damage of abandoned quarries, including land occupation area, rock slope angle, the volume of solid waste,the ratio of stone-pit area to land occupation area, the depth of stone-pit and the possibility of geological disaster,was established according to the principles of representativeness and availability. Index weights were determined using means of Analysis Hierarchy Process and value assignment standard was given on the basis of previous research and expert knowledge.Then the degree value of eco-environmental damage was calculated using means of Comprehensive Evaluation Model.Thirdly, residential areas, roads, railways, rivers and scenic areas were selected as sensitive elements, and the sensitivity of sensitive elements was determined by means of Analysis Hierarchy Process. The spatial distance between abandoned quarries and the nearest sensitive elements was measured using method of GIS-based Spatial Analysis. Based on Distance-decay Law and Gravity Model, the distance adjustment coefficient was computed, which was used to adjust the sensitivity of sensitive elements. Combined the above five sensitive elements, the degree value of surrounding area sensitivity was calculated. Fourthly,according to the definition, the degree value of eco-environmental impact of abandoned quarries was obtained using the degree value of eco-environmental damage and the degree value of surrounding area sensitivity. Eco-environmental impact degree matrix,which was used to classify the degree value of eco-environmental impact of abandoned quarries,was established by referring to risk matrix method.The degree value of eco-environmental impact of abandoned quarries was divided into five degree levels, high, slightly high, average, slightly low, low. Finally,a case study including 205 abandoned quarries was conducted in Tongshan District of Xuzhou city. The results showed that the percentage of high, slightly high, average, slightly low, low degree levels of eco environmental impact of abandoned quarries were 2.0%, 30.7%, 50. 7%, 12.2% and 4.4 % respectively, and the four abandoned quarries of high degree level of eco-environmentaI impact were Heqiu, Yuezhuang, Sheng Shiwei, Quan Taiyin.Abandoned quarries of the high degree level of eco-environmental impact were mostly in Liuquan, Maocun, Liguo, and abandoned quarries in the north part of Tongshan District needed eco-environmental construction more urgently than those in south part. This evaluate eco-environmentai impact of abandoned quarries environmental construction. paper was supposed to provide a scientific method to and choose abandoned quarries that sorely needed ecoenvironmental construction.
出处
《长江流域资源与环境》
CAS
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第12期1581-1585,共5页
Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(70973121)
江苏省国土资源厅项目<徐州矿山废弃地整治利用模式研究>(苏国土资函[2009]828号)
关键词
采石废弃地
生态环境破坏程度
周围环境敏感程度
生态环境影响程度矩阵
铜山区
abandoned quarries
degree of eco-environmental damage
degree of surrounding area sensitivi ty
eco-environmental impact degree matrix
Tongshan District
