摘要
目的:探讨医学高专女生抑郁症状的危险因素和保护因素的累积效应。方法:抽取济南市某医学高等专科学校2010级全部女生1558人[年龄18～21岁,平均年龄(19±1)岁],利用抑郁自评量表(SDS)评价抑郁症状,得分作为结局变量;自编家庭社会经济地位问卷、童年期创伤问卷(CTQ)、青少年侵害问卷自评版(JVQ)分别评定社会经济地位、童年期虐待经历和目击暴力经历,作为危险因素,将以上各变量的得分进行二分类转化,相加得危险因素指数(RFI);利用Connor-Davidson韧性量表10条目版(CD-RISC)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)分别评价心理弹性、积极应对、社会支持,得分作为保护因素,将得分进行二分类转化,相加得保护因素指数(PFI)。结果:SDS总分与CTQ总分、JVQ目击暴力得分呈正相关(r=0.34、0.18,均P<0.01);与社会经济地位、CD-RISC得分、SCSQ积极应对维度得分、SSRS总分呈负相关(r=-0.06～-0.57,均P<0.05);分层线性回归分析显示,除社会经济地位和SCSQ积极应对外,其他因素的标准回归系数均有统计学意义,其中社会经济地位、CTQ总分、JVQ目击暴力得分可解释SDS总分变异的11.0%,CD-RISC得分、SSRS总分可解释14.4%。RFI与SDS总分呈显著正相关(β=0.28,P<0.01,R2=0.076);PFI与SDS总分呈负相关(β=-0.22,P<0.01,R2=0.201);二者存在交互作用(β=-0.07,P<0.01,R2=0.004)。结论:医学高专女生中,低社会经济地位、儿童期虐待、目击暴力等危险因素,及心理弹性、积极应对、社会支持等保护因素均与抑郁症状的关系呈现累积效应;保护因素可以调节危险因素与抑郁症状的关系。
Objective： To test the cumulative effects of risk and protective factors of depression symptom by using risk factors index （RFI） and protective factors index （PFI） among female medical college students. Methods： Totally 1,558 female college students were recruited and were asked to answer a series of questionnaires. The Self- rating Depression Scale （SDS） was used to assess depression symptom which served as outcome variable. The Faroily Socioeconomic Status Questionnaire, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire （CTQ）, Juvenile Victimization Question- naire were used to assess socioeconomic status （SES）, childhood maltreatment and witnessing violence separately, named as risk factors. All the risk factors were dichotomized and new dichotomous variables were summed to get RFI. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale （CD-RISC）, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire （SCSQ）, Social Supporting Rating Scale （SSRS） were used to assess resilience, positive coping and social support separately, named as protective factors in this study. PFI was calculated in the same way as RFI. Results： The SDS total scores were positively correlated with the CTQ total score and the JVQ witnessing violence scores （r = 0. 34, 0. 18; Ps 〈 O. 01 ）, while negatively correlated with the scores of SES, CD-RISC, positive coping of SCSQ, and SSRS （r = - 0. 06 - -0. 57, Ps 〈0.05）. Hierarchical linear regression showed that the CTQ total score and the JVQ witnessing violence scores positively predicted the severity of depression symptom （R2 = 0. 11）. The scores of CD-RISC and SSRS pre- dicted the severity of depression symptom （R2 = 0. 144）. The hierarchical linear regression showed that the SDS total scores were positively correlated with RFI （β = 0. 28, P 〈 0.01, R2 = 0. 076） and negatively correlated with the PFI （β= -0. 22, P 〈0. 01, R2 =0. 201）. The interaction was significant （β= -0. 07, P 〈0. 01, R2 =0. 004）. Conelusinn： It suggests that among female medical college students, risk factors, including low socioeconomic status, childhood maltreatment, and witnessing violence, may be related to depression symptom in cumulative pattern, as well as protective factors, including resilience, positive coping and social support.
出处
《中国心理卫生杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第12期949-954,共6页
Chinese Mental Health Journal
基金
教育部社会科学研究项目(No.10YJCXLX001)
山东大学创新基金(IFW12113)
关键词
抑郁
危险因素指数
保护因素指数
累积效应
depression symptom
risk factors index
protective factors index
cumulative effect
