摘要
以一个制造商、一个分销商、一个零售商构成的三级闭环供应链为研究对象,在考虑零售商风险规避和随机需求的基础上,首先研究了正常环境下为实现三级闭环供应链的协调该如何设计收益共享、成本分摊契约;然后,针对突发事件造成市场需求、生产成本、再制造成本同时扰动时原契约协调作用失效的情况,研究如何对原契约进行改进以使三级闭环供应链依然协调。研究结果表明,运用收益共享、成本分摊契约协调供应链时,零售商损失规避程度的增加会导致制造商采取增加零售商留存收益份额或分销商采取降低批发价的方法来激励零售商多订货,正常环境下三级闭环供应链的协调可通过运用基准契约来实现,突发事件环境下三级闭环供应链的协调可通过运用改进契约来实现。
A three-level and closed-loop supply chain composed of one manufacture, one distribu- tor and one retailer is discussed in this paper. With the consideration of risk-aversion of retailer and random demand, firstly, we have studied how to design the revenue sharing and cost sharing contract to achieve the coordination of the three-level and closed-loop supply chain under normal condition, and then we study how to adjust the contract to deal with stochastic demand and pro- duction cost and remanufacturing cost disturbance simultaneously, so that the three-level and closed-loop supply chain can be still in coordination. The results show that increasing of the retailer ＇S risk-aversion may lead manufacturers to increase retailer＇s retained earnings share or lead distrib- utors to take low wholesale prices to stimulate retailer to order more, and the benchmark contract can realize three-level and closed-loop supply chain coordination under normal condition, and the improved contract can achieve three-level and closed-loop supply chain coordination when original contract can＇t work under disruptions
出处
《科学决策》
2013年第12期1-15,共15页
Scientific Decision Making
关键词
三级闭环供应链
风险规避
突发事件
three-level and closed-loop supply chain
risk-aversion
disruptions
