摘要
由于工作条件恶劣,装载机工作装置经常出现损坏。针对装载机工作装置设计中存在的系统匹配的问题,建立装载机工作装置的机-液、刚-柔耦合模型,并进行了正载和偏载两种工况的测试和模型验证。在验证模型正确的基础上,对装载机的主要工况进行了深入的对比分析,找出了造成装载机工作装置损坏的主要工况是极限偏载崛起工况,并非插入和崛起的联合工况。其损坏的原因是:相对液压系统,动臂结构设计偏弱,在交变的扭转载荷作用下,产生了疲劳裂纹。研究还发现:动臂的应力变化与动臂油缸支座的焊缝长度有非常密切的关系,也与动臂的疲劳破坏有直接的关系,并存在一个最优的焊缝长度使得动臂的应力最小。
Because of loader working condition is very bad, the working device usually occurs damage. Considering the problem of matching design of loader working device, a mechauicism-hydraulic and rigid-flexible coupling model of loader working device were built. So the experiment and simulation have been done under middle-load and offset load conditions and the model has been verified. Based on the corrective model, the mainly conditions of loader were deeply analyzed and compared. The research shows that the mainly dangerous condition for the damage of working device is the limit offset digging condition and not the limit offset digging and inserting condition. The reason for lift arm damage is that the structure is very weak to the hydraulic system. The fatigne crack of lift arm is caused by the alternative torques. The study also finds the lift arm stress has a close relationship with the weld length of lift cylinder bearing and is directly related to the fatigue failure. There is an optimal length of weld to the minimal lift arm stress.
出处
《机械设计与制造》
北大核心
2014年第1期201-204,共4页
Machinery Design & Manufacture
基金
福建省青年创新基金项目(2010J05118)
集美大学优秀青年骨干教师基金(2011B001)
关键词
装载机工作装置
偏载工况
刚柔耦合模型
Working Deviee of Loader
Offset Load Condition
Rigid-Flexible Coupling Model
