摘要
通过地质、地球化学等分析,对中国大气田的地质和地球化学若干特征进行了总结。截至2011年底,中国共发现48个大气田,探明地质总储量占全国天然气探明储量的81.5%。中国大气田的主要地质和地球化学特征有:①天然气组分以烷烃气为主,甲烷平均含量88.22%,乙烷、丙烷和丁烷平均含量分别为3.31%、0.97%和0.49%;②大气田天然气类型以煤成气为主,48个大气田中有27个为煤成气田;③储集层的层系和岩类多,其中二叠系和三叠系发现的储量最多;主要储存在砂岩、碳酸盐岩和火山岩中,砂岩中的储量最高;④致密砂岩大气田起举足轻重作用,48个大气田中有16个为致密砂岩大气田;⑤"晚期成藏"和"超晚期成藏",晚期成藏有利于天然气的保存从而有利于发现大气田;⑥气藏类型多,有构造、岩性和地层3类。
Based on a comprehensive analysis, the geological and geochemical characteristics of large gas fields in China were summarized in this paper. By the end of 2011, altogether 48 large gas fields had been discovered in China, with their proven reserves accounting for 81.5% of the total proven gas reserves in China. The main geological and geochemical characteristics of large gas fields in China are as follows： （1） Alkane gases are the main components of natural gas, with an average methane content of 88.22%, and the average contents of ethane, propane and butane of 3.31%, 0.97% and 0.49%, respectively; （2） The natural gases in 27 of the 48 large gas fields are coal-derived gases which indicates coal-derived gas is the major genetic type of natural gas in China; （3） Reservoirs are in multiple strata, but natural gas is mostly produced from the Permian and Triassic; Sandstones, carbonates and volcanics are the main reservoirs, of which the sandstones have the most reserves; （4） There are 16 tight gas fields in the 48 large gas fields, suggesting the crucial importance of this type of reservoirs in China; （5） Most of these large gas fields were formed at late or very late stages, suggesting late reservoir formation is favorable for gas preservation; （6） Multiple reservoir types are identified, including structural, lithologic and stratigraphic reservoirs.
出处
《石油勘探与开发》
SCIE
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期1-13,共13页
Petroleum Exploration and Development
基金
国家重大科技专项"重点气区天然气气源对比"(2008ZX05007-003-01-2)
关键词
中国
大气田
地质特征
地球化学特征
煤成气
油型气
China
large gas field
geological characteristics
geochemical characteristics
coal-derived gas
oil-type gas
