摘要
[目的]了解上海市中小学生超重和肥胖的现状,寻找相关膳食危险因素。[方法]对上海市6个区16所学校的503名随机抽样学生,开展食物频率表膳食调查和一般情况调查,并采用logistic回归和膳食模式分析超重与肥胖的相关危险因素。[结果]上海市部分中小学男生超重和肥胖的检出率分别为14.1%和10.9%,女生则为5.7%和2.0%,合并后的超重肥胖率分别为男生25.0%,女生为7.7%。男生和低年龄群体超重、肥胖的检出率偏高。单因素logistic回归分析显示,超重、肥胖的发生与豆制品、鱼类和其他水产品的摄入有关(控制年龄、性别和睡眠时间的影响后,OR值分别为1.445、1.578和1.633,P值分别为0.035、0.024和0.018)。膳食模式分析则显示,超重、肥胖的发生与高蛋白型膳食模式呈正相关(OR=1.501,P=0.010);与副食型膳食模式呈负相关(OR=0.680,P=0.014)。[结论]上海市中小学生的超重和肥胖检出率呈上升趋势,且与特定饮食习惯和膳食模式有关。
[Objective] To estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary and secondary students in Shanghai, and to identify relevant dietary risk factors. [Methods] Students （n=503） from 16 primary and secondary schools in 6 distract of Shanghai were selected by multi-stage stratified random sampling technique. Food frequency and lifestyle information were collected. Logistic regression analyses and dietary pattern models were performed to identify the risk factors related to oversight and obesity. [Results] The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 14.1% and 10.9% for boys, 5.7% and 2.0% for girls respectively. The combined prevalence rates were 25% for boys and 7.7% for girls respectively. Male or younger students had higher risks of being overweight and obesity. The consumption of soybean products, fish, and other aquatic products were associated with overweight or obesity [odds ratio （OR）=1.445 （P=0.035）, 1.578 （P=0.024）, and 1.663 （P=0.018） respectively after adjusted by age, gender, and sleeping time] according to the logistic regression analyses. The results of dietary pattern models showed that high protein dietary pattern revealed a positive correlation with overweight and obesity （OR=1.501, P=0.010）, while non-staple food style had a negative correlation （OR=0.680, P=0.014）. [Conclusion] The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity of primary and secondary students in Shanghai are increasing over time, and related to dietary habits and dietary patterns.
出处
《环境与职业医学》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第1期12-17,共6页
Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine
基金
上海市自然科学基金项目(编号:11ZR1401500)
关键词
中小学生
超重
肥胖
食物频率表
膳食模式
primary and secondary students
overweight
obesity
food frequency questionnaire
dietary pattern
