摘要
【目的】探讨骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的临床特点。【方法】回顾2008年1月至2013年1月因骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折住院患者1 604例,按患者的性别、年龄、有无外伤史、骨折部位、疼痛程度、疼痛部位、疼痛的性质、有无便秘、有无活动受限等进行归纳、分析和总结。【结果】骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者在一般情况方面有着明显的特点,如好发于女性及老年人,虽然多数(66.37%)患者可有轻微的外伤史,但仍有相当一部分(33.63%)患者无任何外伤史即可发生骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折,且多半(51.77%)患者不能早期获得正确的诊治。在临床症状、体征方面,骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者亦有其明显特点,如绝大多数患者会出现骨折所在部位的疼痛及压痛、叩痛;少数(8.85%)主诉骨折部位以外疼痛为主的患者是诊断的难点,但结合骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折所致的疼痛大多迁延难愈、少数为剧烈抽痛,以及绝大多数(94.69%)患者的疼痛可因翻身活动或其他改变体位的活动而明显加重和部分(30.53%)患者骨折早期可合并便秘的现象可有助于提示该诊断。【结论】骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者在发病的一般情况及临床症状、体征的表现上均有其自身特点,临床工作中如能围绕这些临床特点进行详细询问病史及进行相关体格检查,将有助于提高该病的诊治水平。
Objective To discuss the clinical features of osteoporotic vertebral compressive fracture. Methods A retrospective study was carried out in 1 604 osteoporotic vertebral compressive fracture inpatients in our hospital admitted from January of 2008 to January of 2013. The clinical data of sex, age, history of trauma, the fracture site, the degree of pain, the pain site, the nature of pain, constipation, limitation of activity of all cases were analysed and summarized. Results The general data of osteoporotic vertebral compressive fracture patients showed some characteristics. For examples, the women and the elderly had a higher incidence, 66.37% of the patients had history of mild trauma, but there was still a considerable part （33.63%） of patients without history of trauma, and more than half of them （51.77%） failed in getting early correct diagnosis and treatment. Some obvious characteristics were also shown in the clinical symptoms and signs of osteoporotic vertebral compressive fracture patients. For examples, most patients suffered pain, tenderness and percussion pain just in the site of the fracture, but a minority （8.85%） of the patients complained of pain not in the place of the fracture site which is the diagnostic diffieuhy. We can overcome the diagnostic difficulty through identifying that most of the patients had lingering pain and a minority of the patients had severe throbbing pain, and by investigating that the pain of most （94.69%） patients would be aggravated by activities such as postural change and some patients （30.53%） had constipation in the early stage of the fracture. Conclusion Patients with osteoporotic vertebral compressive fracture have their own characteristics both in the general data and in the clinical symptoms and signs. Taking the clinical characteristics into consideration during the case history inquisition and physical examination would help us improving the diagnosis and treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compressive fracture.
出处
《广州中医药大学学报》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第1期7-10,共4页
Journal of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
基金
广西壮族自治区卫生厅中医药科技专项(编号:GZPT13-52)
关键词
骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折
临床特点
Osteoporotic vertebral compressive fracture
Clinical features
