摘要
目的探讨肾内科患者尿路感染的病原菌分布及耐药性,以指导临床合理用药。方法选取2010年4月-2013年7月肾内科患者480例,采集所有患者中段尿标本进行病原菌检测,菌种鉴定采用法国生物梅里埃公司VITEK-60全自动细菌分析仪,药物敏感试验采用K-B纸片扩散法。结果 480例患者中共分离出病原菌790株,其中革兰阴性菌463株占58.61%,革兰阳性菌259株占32.78%,真菌68株占8.61%;革兰阴性杆菌对于喹诺酮类、氨基糖苷类、第三代头孢菌素等抗菌物耐药率较高,>90.00%,革兰阳性球菌对克林霉素、左氧氟沙星、红霉素、青霉素有较高的耐药性,多数可达100.00%,真菌耐药率普遍较低。结论肾内科患者尿路感染病原菌主要以革兰阴性杆菌为主,病原菌分布及耐药性分析要及时监测,根据监测结果临床合理使用抗菌药物,以此减少新耐药株的形成,同时降低医院感染的发生。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in urology department, so as to guide the clinical rational use of antibiotics. METHODS The clinical data of 480 patients in urology department from Apr 2010 to Jul 2013 were collected, and midstream specimens of urine of all the patients were tested for pathogens. The strains were identified by VITEK-60 automatic bacteria analyzer, and drug susceptibility testing was carried by K-B method. RESULTS Totally 790 strains were isolated from 480 cases, including 463 strains of gram-negative bacteria（58. 61%）, 259 strains of gram-positive bacteria（32.78 % ）, and 68 strains of fungi（8.61%）. The antibiotic resistance rates of gram-negative bacteria to quinolones, aminoglycosides, the third generation cephalosporins were more than 90.00 % respectively. Gram-positive cocci had high resistance rates to clindamycin, levofloxacin, erythromycin and penicillin, most of which were up to 100.00%. Fungi had a low resistance rate commonly. CONCLUSION Gram-negative bacilli are the major pathogens isolated from patients in urology department. The distribution and drug resistance of pathogens should be monitored in time, and antibiotics should be used reasonably according to monitoring results, so as to reduce the formation of new resistant strains and the occurrence of hospital infections.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第3期574-576,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
浙江省卫生厅医药卫生科技计划基金项目(2011KYB081)
关键词
肾内科
尿路感染
病原菌
耐药性
Urology department
Urinary tract infection
Pathogen
Drug resistance
