摘要
船舶与海洋工程装备具有高技术、高投入、高产出、高附加值、高风险的特点,同时也要求高安全性和高可靠性。船舶与海洋工程结构主要采用金属材料。在海洋环境这种高腐蚀环境中长期服役的金属材料必须采取腐蚀防护措施。文章概述了目前我国海洋工程结构和船舶的腐蚀现状,介绍了目前采用的腐蚀防护技术的现状与问题,包括常用的多种涂料(油漆)、包覆技术、电化学保护(牺牲阳极和外加电流阴极保护技术)以及表面处理技术、缓蚀剂、结构健康监测与检测、寿命评价与可靠性评估等。指出了各类技术的发展趋势,例如以涂料为例,追求高固体份、无(弱)溶剂化、水性化、无重金属化、高性能化、多功能化、低表面处理化、节省资源化、智能化、低成本是涂料发展的国际趋势。提出了我国应该采取的措施和建议。
Ship equipment and ocean engineering structure with high technology, high investment, high yield, high ad- ditional value, high risk characteristics, also need high safety and reliability. The equipment and structure serving in se- vere marine environment for a long term are mainly made of metal, so effective corrosion protection must be taken to them. The corrosion status of ship and ocean engineering structure was summarized, and the status and problem of corrosion pro- tection technology are pointed out. The technology includes coating, cladding, electrochemical protection （sacrificial an- ode and cathodic protection technology） , surface treatment technology, corrosion inhibitor, structural health monitoring and detection, lifetime evaluation, reliability evaluation. The trend of each method is described. Take the coating for ex- ample, the pursuit of high percentage solid, without （weak） solvent, water soluble, without heavy metals, high perform- ance, muhifunction, low surface treatment, saving resources, smart and low cost is the international trend. Finally, some suggestions and measures are given.
出处
《中国材料进展》
CAS
CSCD
2014年第2期65-76,113,共13页
Materials China
基金
中国工程院咨询项目(2013-XY-7)
关键词
腐蚀
腐蚀防护
海洋工程
船舶
涂层
阴极保护
corrosion
corrosion protection
marine structure
shipping
coating
cathodic protection.
