摘要
目的了解来本院进行尿铅检测的人员体内铅负荷情况。方法以在本院进行尿铅检测1 202例人员为调查对象,以诊断为观察对象和职业性慢性铅中毒为异常者计算异常率,按是否为职业接触者、性别、年龄和工龄进行分组讨论。结果 1 202例调查对象中,异常者607例,异常率为50.5%;其中职业接触组636例,非职业接触组566例,异常率分别为80.3%和17.0%,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。职业接触组男性异常率高于女性(82.6%vs 68.3%,P<0.01);非职业接触组中男性、女性异常率比较,差异无统计学意义(16.8%vs 17.2%,P>0.05)。职业接触组异常率随年龄、工龄的增加而增加(P<0.01)。驱铅治疗后,慢性铅中毒患者体内尿铅水平随治疗时间的延长而下降,与第1个疗程比较,第2个疗程和第3个疗程尿铅水平下降率分别为57.5%和73.6%。结论尿铅检测人员铅超标情况严重,提示本省的铅危害防治任务仍然艰巨,应引起相关部门和企业的重视。
Objective To investigate the lead burthen in vivo of the persons examined in our hospital. Methods The respondents were 1 202 cases who were detected urine lead level in our hospital. The abnormal cases were those who were diagnosed as the observation object and occupational chronic lead poisoning. The abnormal rate was calculated, and dis-cussed by groups of gender, age, working age, occupational exposure and non-exposure. Results Among the 1 202 cases, there were 607 abnormal cases and the abnormal rate was 50. 5%. There were 636 cases in occupational exposure group, 566 cases in non-occupational exposure group, and the abnormal rate was 80. 3% and 17.0% respectively and they were statisically significant （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. In occupational exposure group, the abnormal rate of male was higher than that of the female（82. 6% vs 68. 3%, P 〈0. 01）. The difference between the abnormal rate of male and female in non-occupational exposure group had no statistical significance （16. 8% vs 17.2%, P 〉 0.05）. In occupational exposure group, the abnormal rates increased with the age and working period increased （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. After chelation therapy, the urine lead in vivo of the lead poisoning cases reduced observably with the treatment time. Compared with the urine lead in the first stage of treatment, the reducing rates in the second and the third stage reached to 57.5% and 73.6% respectively. Conclusion The status of lead exceeding in the detected persons was serious, which certified that lead prevention task in our province was still hard. It should be brought to the forefront of relevant governments and enterprises.
出处
《中国职业医学》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第1期81-83,共3页
China Occupational Medicine
关键词
尿铅
职业接触
异常率
铅危害
铅中毒
Lead in urine
Occupational exposure
Abnormal rate
Lead hazard
Lead poisoning
