摘要
目的了解绍兴地区脑卒中高危人群现况及脑卒中相关危险因素的暴露水平,为脑卒中的防治提供科学的依据。方法于2013年1月8日—4月30日,按整群随机抽样方法,对绍兴地区6个社区的≥40岁的常住人口进行筛查,城乡比例为2∶3,共筛查12 237名人口,进行问卷调查、体格检查。并筛选出脑卒中高危人群进一步行实验室检查和颈动脉彩超检查。使用率和百分比对筛查结果进行描述性统计分析。结果筛选出脑卒中高危人群1646人,检出率为13.45%。脑卒中高危人群中,卒中各项相关危险因素的排序依次为高血压、少运动、高血脂、年龄≥60岁、肥胖、饮酒、糖尿病、吸烟、脑卒中家族史、既往脑卒中史和房颤或瓣膜心脏病;脑卒中各项危险因素在不同年龄段分布有不同。高危人群中房颤患者的抗凝比例极低。高危人群中颈动脉粥样硬化检出率为44.7%,有斑块者40.1%、其中软斑不稳定斑块高达15.9%,颈动脉狭窄比例为3%。结论加强脑卒中高危人群的管理,控制各项危险因素,提倡健康生活方式对脑卒中的防治有重要意义。
Objective To investigate the situation about high-risk population and risk factors in Shaoxing, and to provide evidence for prevention of stroke. Methods From January 8,2013 to April 30, according to the cluster random sampling method, the resident population of 40 or higher were screened in six communities of Shaoxing. And urban-rural ratio was 2： 3.12 237 residents were requested to answer questionaries and underwent physical examinations, further to lab tests and carotid uhrasonography. All the data were descriptively analyzed by rate anc[ percentage. Results The detection rate of high-risk group was 13.45 % （ 1646 people）. Hypertension, less movement, hyperlipidemia, age 60 years or more, obe- sity, smoking, drinking, diabetes, family history, history of stroke and atrial fibrillation or valvular heart disease were as risk factors for stroke in turn. The anticoagulant ratio in patients with atrial fibrillation was very low. The prevalence of carotid atheroselerosis was 44.7% , the plaque was 40.1%, soft plaque was as high as 15.9%, carotid artery stenosis was 3%. Conclusion It was important to strengthen the management of high-risk group,control risk factors and advocate healthy lifestyle to prevent and control stroke occurrence.
出处
《中华全科医学》
2014年第4期549-550,553,共3页
Chinese Journal of General Practice
关键词
脑卒中
高危人群
筛查
危险因素
Stroke
High-risk population
Screen
Risk factors
