摘要
以陕南土石山区不同植被恢复年限高速公路为研究对象,综合分析了不同护坡模式的防护效果及不同坡向间土壤理化性质的差异性。结果表明:①土石山区高速公路边坡土壤养分条件受恢复年限的影响显著。土壤有机质、全N含量处于缺乏和显著缺乏水平;随着边坡植被恢复年限延长及植被的演替进程推移,植被长势渐好,豆科植物的固氮作用使得土壤有机质和全N含量增加,但仍处于较低水平;②有机质、全N、速效K、含水率排序均为骨架护坡>挂网喷播>拱形+植生袋,且养分表现出向表层富集的趋势,骨架护坡保水保肥效果较好,该护坡模式为最优选择;③土壤有机质、全N、速效P、速效K、含水率、孔隙度等均表现为阴坡>阳坡;④土壤的养分(有机质、全N、速效P)已成为边坡植被恢复和演替的限制因子,应适当采取土壤改良措施,为植被恢复创造良好的环境,促进植物生长,使其尽快发挥其水土保持效果。
Based on rocky mountainous areas in southern Shaanxi, taking the highways of different vegetation restoration years as examples, the protective effect of different slope protection mode and the differences of soil char- acteristics between the different slope aspects are analyzed. The results showed ： ①Restoration years had a signifi- cant impact on the soil nutrient conditions of highway slopes in rocky mountainous region. Organic matter and total nitrogen .were at the deficient and extremely deficient rank;Along with the slope vegetation restoration time and vegetation succession process, vegetation growing gradually better, the contents of organic matter and total N increased by the role of legume plants＇ nitrogen fixation, but still at low level;②Organic matter, total N, available K and water content were framework seeding protection model 〉 net-suspended spray seeding protection model 〉 framework ＋ vegetation bags protection model, and nutrients showed a trend of surface enrichment. The effect of fertilizer and wa- ter retention in framework seeding protection model is better, and it was the best choice in three models;③The con- tents of organic matter, total N, available P and available K in the shady slope were higher than that of the sunny slope, the soil moisture content and porosity in the shady slope were better than that of the sunny slope ;④The soil nutrients （organic matter,total N ,available P） had become a limited factor to slope vegetation restoration and succession. So, it was necessary to take appropriate soil improvement measures to improve soil nutrient conditions and physical properties, and to provide better environment for vegetation restoration, promote plant growth, and make it play the effect of soil and water conservation as soon as possible.
出处
《科学技术与工程》
北大核心
2014年第12期100-106,共7页
Science Technology and Engineering
基金
"十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAD31B01)资助
关键词
边坡防护类型
生态防护模式
土壤性质
阴阳坡面
高速公路
slope protection models ecological protection mode soil features sunny and shady slope highway
