摘要
目的探讨显微镜辅助下微创经椎间孔腰椎间融合术（minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion，MI-TLIF）治疗腰椎滑脱症的临床疗效。 方法2011年1月－2012年6月，采用显微镜辅助下MI-TLIF治疗52例腰椎滑脱症患者。男29例，女23例；年龄32～67岁，平均46岁。病程3个月～6年，中位病程3.2年。腰椎峡部裂性滑脱38例，腰椎退变性滑脱14例；腰椎滑脱继发椎管狭窄12例。病变节段：L4、5 29例，L5、S1 23例。根据Meyerding分度标准，Ⅰ度滑脱24例，Ⅱ度滑脱28例。术前及末次随访时采用疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）和Oswestry功能障碍指数（ODI）评估临床疗效，末次随访时采用Macnab标准评价疗效；通过滑脱节段滑脱率、滑脱角及椎间隙高度评估滑脱矫正情况，根据Suk标准评价椎间融合情况。 结果患者均顺利完成手术，均无硬膜撕裂、脑脊液漏等并发症发生。手术时间平均105 min，术中出血量平均225 mL，术后引流量平均75 mL，住院时间平均5.5 d。术后1例发生切口浅表感染，经换药及抗感染治疗后愈合；其余切口均Ⅰ期愈合。52例均获随访，随访时间12～26个月，平均18个月。术后X线片示椎间融合器和内固定物位置良好，无椎间融合器移位、沉降及椎弓根螺钉断裂、松动等并发症发生；腰椎滑脱均获矫正。CT三维重建示椎体间可见连续骨小梁。末次随访时患者腰腿痛VAS评分、ODI、滑脱节段滑脱率、滑脱角、椎间隙高度均较术前显著改善（P 〈 0.05）。末次随访时采用Macnab标准评价临床疗效，获优20例，良29例，可3例，优良率为94.2%；根据Suk标准评价椎间融合情况，完全融合49例，可能融合3例。 结论在严格把握适应证前提下，采用显微镜辅助下MI-TLIF治疗Ⅱ度以下腰椎滑脱症安全可靠、创伤小、出血少、术后并发症低，近期疗效确切。
Objective To investigate the effectiveness of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion （MI-TLIF） assisted with microscope in treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis. Methods Between January 2011 and June 2012, 52 patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis underwent MI-TLIF assisted with microscope. There were 29 males and 23 females with an average age of 46 years （range, 32-67 years）. The median disease duration was 3.2 years （range, 3 months to 6 years）. There were 38 cases of lumbar isthmic spondylolisthesis and 14 cases of degenerative spondylolisthesis; 12 cases had stenosis secondary to lumbar spondylolisthesis. The affected segments were L4, 5 （29 cases） and L5, S1 （23 cases）. According to the Meyerding evaluating system, 24 cases were classified as degree I and 28 cases as degree II. The visual analogue scale （VAS） score and Oswestry disability index （ODI）were used for clinical assessment, and the clinical effects were also analyzed by Macnab criterion at last follow-up. The radiographic data were used to evaluate reduction of spondylolisthesis, including slipping degree, slipping angle, and intervertebral space height. The fusion rate was assessed by Suk criterion. Results The operations were performed successfully in all patients. No dural tear or cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred during operation. The average operation time was 105 minutes; the average intraoperative blood loss was 225 mL; the average postoperative drainage volume was 75 mL; and the average hospitalization days were 5.5 days. Superficial infection of incision occurred in 1 case and was cured after change dressing, and primary healing of incision was obtained in the others. All patients were followed up 12-26 months （mean, 18 months）. No loosening, breakage, and displacement of pedicle screw and no Cage dislocation occurred by X-ray films after operation. The lumbar spondylolisthesis all got good correction. The three-dimensional CT showed continuous bone trabecula between centrums. The VAS score, ODI, and the slipping degree, slipping angle, and intervertebral space height were significantly improved at last follow-up when compared with preoperative ones （P 〈 0.05）. According to Macnab criterion at last follow-up, the results were excellent in 20 cases, good in 29 cases, and fair in 3 cases; the excellent and good rate was 94.2%. According to Suk criterion for fusion, 49 cases obtained complete fusion and 3 cases got possible fusion. Conclusion As long as indications are seized, MI-TLIF assisted with microscope is safe and reliable for treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis （Meyerding dergee I or II）, and it has the advantage of less injury, less blood loss, less complications, and definite short-term effectiveness.
出处
《中国修复重建外科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第5期535-539,共5页
Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery
基金
2013年安徽省年度重点科研项目(1301043029)~~
关键词
腰椎滑脱症
显微镜
微创手术
经椎间孔腰椎间融合术
Lumbar spondylolisthesis Microscope Minimally invasive surgery Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion
