摘要
目的：调查上海市花木社区50岁及以上人群原发性青光眼患病率。方法以人群为基础的横断面调查。2011年3至9月采用随机整群抽样方法对上海市花木社区3个居委会中所有50岁及以上人群采用社区初筛结合三级医院复查确诊的方式开展原发性青光眼患病率调查。初筛在当地社区卫生服务中心进行，现场检查包括视力检查、屈光矫正、眼压测量、裂隙灯下眼前节照相、眼底照相。筛查发现的可疑青光眼者均转诊至上海市眼病防治中心进行复查确诊，包括复查眼压、前房角镜检查、Humphrey自动视野计视野检查、OCT扫描仪测量视网膜神经纤维层厚度。青光眼诊断标准采用国际眼科地理与流行病学学会标准。描述不同类型原发性青光眼在不同性别、年龄的疾病分布特征，并采用χ2检验对不同人群的原发性青光眼患病情况进行比较。结果共登记受检者3146人，完成检查者2528人，受检率为80.36％。共检出原发性青光眼患者78例，患病率为3.09％，其中POAG和PACG分别有72例和6例，患病率分别为2.85％和0.24％。 POAG的患病率随年龄增长总体呈上升趋势（χ2＝5.4，P＝0.02）。 POAG和PACG的一只眼盲率分别为12.5％（9/72）和3/6。88.9％（64/72）的POAG患者调查前未被诊断，而6例PACG患者调查前均已诊断且接受治疗。结论上海市花木社区原发性青光眼患病率相对较高，POAG调查前未诊断及未治疗率高。因此，在防盲工作中必须注重开展原发性青光眼的早期筛查和健康宣教。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of primary glaucoma in the population of Huamu community , Shanghai.Methods It was a population-based cross-section study .Using random cluster sampling method , 3 neighborhood committees were randomly selected from Huamu community.And this survey was carried out by screening in community combined with diagnosis in tertiary hospital from March to September 2011.Residents aged more than 50 years old were included in this study.Information was collected on the participants′presenting visual acuity with habitual correction and best corrected visual acuity , intraocular pressure （ IOP ） assessed with non-contact tonometer , ocular anterior segment examination results with slit lamp anterior segment photography ,optic disc examination results with fundus photography.And all glaucoma suspects received IOP measurement , gonioscopy , visual field test , retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measurement in Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment center.Glaucoma was diagnosed according to International Society for Geographic and Epidemiological Ophthalmology.Distributions of different types of primary glaucoma within different groups of gender and age were described , and prevalence rates of primary glaucoma between different groups were compared using chi -square test.Results Two thousands five hundreds and twenty-eight cases were examined and the respond rate was 80.36%.Prevalence of primary glaucoma was 3.09%, in which primary open angle glaucoma（POAG）and primary angle closure glaucoma （PACG） were 2.85% and 0.24%.The prevalence of POAG had upward trend with age.The blindness rate within one or both eyes caused by POAG and PACG was 12.5%and 3/6,and the blindness rate of POAG was lower compared with PACG.88.89%of POAG in this investigation had not been previously diagnosed , and 100% of PACG had been previously diagnosed and received treatment.Conclusions The prevalence of primary glaucoma in Huamu community is relatively high and the previous diagnostic and treatment rate of POAG are relatively low.Early screening and health education for primary glaucoma are important in blindness prevention work in the future.
出处
《中华眼科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第5期349-354,共6页
Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology
基金
上海市卫生局课题(2010281)；上海市卫生局重点课题
关键词
青光眼
患病率
流行病学研究
Glaucoma
Prevalence
Epidemiologic studies
