摘要
为了给森林防火提供科学的指导,使森林防火具有针对性,达到减少火灾损失之目的,本研究利用重庆市2000—2010年679例有年、月、日记录(其中654及602起分别有开始及结束时段记录)、527例有经纬度记录的森林火灾资料,分析了重庆市森林火灾的时、空特征。结果表明:(1)2000—2010年每年平均发生林火61.7次,有干旱的年份林火发生次数增多。(2)春季林火发生次数最多,秋季最少,冬、夏分居第2、第3。(3)林火主要发生在2—4月、8月,11、12月极少发生。(4)林火开始及结束的时段主要发生在9—20时之间,21时—次日8时林火发生的几率较低。(5)大多数林火持续的时间不长,林火持续时间与出现次数遵循负指数分布。(6)林火的空间分布与地形存在一定的关系,在地势较高的地区,林火多分布于相对地势较低的山麓地带,在地势较低的地区林火多分布于相对地势较高的山脊地带。(7)按林火发生次数的多少将其区划,分成林火的极易发生区、多发区、一般区、少发区、偶发区及无林火区6个等级。
In order to provide scientific guidance for forest fire prevention, improve effectiveness of forest fireprevention, to reduce the fire loss, 679 forest fire cases containing date of records（among these data, 654 and602 data respectively recorded start and end hour of forest fires） were used to analyze temporal feature, and527 fires used to analyze spatial feature owing theirs latitude and longitude information. All the fire data werefrom 2000 to 2010 year in Chongqing. The results of calculation showed as following：（1） there were 61.7 forestfire annually during 2000-2010 year and the number of forest fires increased when drought occurring.（2） Theforest fires occurred most frequently during spring, and the number was least Autumn, respectively second andthird in winter and summer.（3） The forest fires mainly occurred in 4 months including February, March, Apriland August, and in November and December the fires were very rarely.（4） The start and end time of forest firesoccurred mainly between 9 a.m. and 8 p.m, while between 9 p.m and 8 a.m very rarely.（5） Most forest fires＇ duration was not long, and there was a negative exponential relation between duration and forest fire number.（6） The spatial distribution of forest fires varied with terrain height. In wild higher ground, more forest firesdistributed at relatively lower piedmont area, while in wild lower ground, the more forest fires distributed atrelatively higher mountain ridge.（7） The forest fire division was 6 grades according its number, and they weremost easily occurring district, easily occurring district, generally occurring district, lower occurring district,rarely occurring district and not occurring district.
出处
《中国农学通报》
CSCD
2014年第13期51-58,共8页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
中国气象局成都高原气象研究所高原气象开放基金(LPM2012002)
中央高校项目"分布相似度及其在气温资料预处理中的应用"(CDJZR11200003)
重庆市气象局业务技术攻关项目[ywgg-201313]
重庆市工程技术研究中心建设项目--重庆市农业气象与卫星遥感技术研究中心[cstc2011pt-gc80023]
重庆市科技攻关重点项目[cstc2012ggB00001]
关键词
重庆
森林火灾
时间分布特征
空间分布特征
Chongqing forest fires temporal distribution feature spatial distribution feature
