摘要
目的分析2005-2012年移植病区器官移植患者病原菌分布及其耐药性,指导临床使用抗菌药物进行经验性治疗。方法收集移植病区分离病原菌经鉴定后,采用K-B法进行药物敏感试验,按CLSI抗菌药物敏感性试验执行标准判断药物敏感率,SPSS17.0软件进行统计分析。结果共分离出病原菌932株,其中革兰阴性菌占49.9%,革兰阳性菌占31.7%,真菌占18.4%;肠杆菌科细菌对碳青霉烯类抗菌药物和头孢哌酮/舒巴坦最敏感,其中大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌对美罗培南、亚胺培南和头孢哌酮/舒巴坦的耐药率分别为5.1、10.1%、11.1%和4.1%、17.8%、0;不发酵革兰阴性菌仅对少数几种抗菌药物敏感;利奈唑胺和万古霉素对革兰阳性菌高度敏感,其中对金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌全部敏感,金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌对替考拉宁耐药率为12.2%、28.6%,对米诺环素耐药率为12.2%、24.1%。结论移植病区病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,对病原菌敏感的抗菌药物种类少且常呈多药耐药,了解和掌握移植病区常见病原菌及对抗菌药物敏感性为感染治疗提供有力的依据,有助于临床合理选用抗菌药物。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the pathogen distribution and antimicrobial resistance of transplant patients in the transplantation ward from 2005 to 2010 so as to guide the reasonable use of antibiotics. METHODS Clinical isolates in the transplantation ward were collected and identified. The susceptibility testing of antimierobial agents was determined by K-B disk method. The susceptivity rate was determined according to standards of CLSI with statistical analysis by SPSS17.0 software. RESULTS There were 932 pathogenic bacteria isolated, among which gram-negative bacteria accounted for 49.9%, gram-positive bacteria 31.7% and fungi 18.4~. Enterobacteriaceae was the most sensitive to carbapenems and eefoperazone/sulbactam, and the drug resistance rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia to meropenem,imipenem, and cefoperazone/sulbactam were 5.1 %, 10.1%, 11.1% and 4. 1%, 17. 8%, 0, respectively. Non-fermented gram-negative bacteria showed susceptibility to only a few antimicrobial agents. The gram-positive bacteria were highly susceptible to linezolid and vancomycin and both Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis were susceptible to linezolid and vancomycin. The drug resistance rates of S. aureus and S. epidermidis to teicoplanin were 12. 2%, 28. 6% and to minocin 12. 2%, 24.1%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The common pathogens in the transplantation ward are gram-negative bacteria. The strains isolated are multiple drug-resistant and there are few antimicrobial agents showing high susceptibility to them. h is important to study the characteristics and drug resistance of the pathogens in the transplantation ward, which can provide powerful evidence of infection treatment to doctors and help them select antimicrobial agents properly.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第11期2613-2615,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
广西科学研究与技术开发计划基金项目(桂科攻0993003A-17)
广西科学研究与技术开发计划基金项目(主席基金10169-05)
关键词
移植
病原菌
耐药性
Transplantation
Pathogen
Drug resistance
