摘要
土方施工过程是建筑工程扬尘排放最显著的阶段,对其浓度及分布规律进行监测和分析,是制定有效防控措施的前提。选取北京市两个典型住宅建设施工工地,以总飘尘质量浓度(TSP)为测量指标,对土方施工阶段工地内部不同区域的扬尘质量浓度进行了监测,共获取工程土方施工阶段6个区域点位108点次的扬尘质量浓度数据。结果表明,参照工作场所有害物质接触限值(GBZ/T 192.1—2007),水泥加工区和道路两侧扬尘质量浓度及超标率较其他区域明显偏高,对相关施工人员影响较大,并且水泥加工区的扬尘质量浓度在一天内有较明显的分布规律。通常的洒水措施对道路扬尘质量浓度降低作用明显。
This paper is concerned on how to improve the monitoring and control of the dust pollution on earthwork construction stage. In order to work out effective preventive and control measures to protect the construction workers from harmful dust inhaling, it is of great significance to do a better job in monitoring and controlling the fugitive dust emission and distribution. For this goal, this paper has chosen two typical residential house construction sites in Beijing as our case study samples. In proceeding with our study, we have focused our investigation on the varying degrees of health-affecting factors caused by the fugitive dust in different areas of the building sites. And, finally, we have established 108 sets of data in six different construction areas in the earthwork construction phase. Comparing and contrasting the actual pollution with the latest issued occupational exposure limits for hazardous agents in the workplace stipulated by the departments concerned, we have found that in the cement processing zone and road sides, the fugitive dust concentration turns out much higher than that in other areas, which means that the building workers on these spots have to suffer greater dust pollution and bear harder health loss unavoidably. Further conclusions we have arrived at from our analysis in this paper are： in the cement processing zone, the dust distribution in one day proved to be regularly high, from which it can be inferred that the emissions of the cement dust is terribly fierce but can dissipate fast. As compared with the hardening stage of the road, it would be easier to reduce the fugitive dust concentration by taking measures of watering around the road sides. What is more, watering on a hardened road can get an ideal situation with a lower concentration of fugitive dust.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第3期317-320,共4页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51078200
51378297)
关键词
环境工程学
土方工程
施工扬尘
实例监测
environmental engineering
earthwork construction
construetion dust
site monitor
