摘要
商代晚期，商王用５种祀典周而复始地祭祀先王先妣，学者称之为周祭，有纪时功能。文章通过研究商末帝辛世的甲骨文和金文中的周祭材料在历法上的自洽性，得出帝辛元方祀到十一祀祀谱的历日特征，即帝辛二祀正月初一应为丙辰日或二月初一为丁巳日，结合其他材料，确定了帝辛元年为公元前１０７５年。
In late Shang,the king offered sacrifices to their anc estors in five ritual forms.Since it takes 360 or 370 days to complete a sacrif i cing cycle ,the cycle was in fact a timing system.On some occasions,years of the king,months ,cyclical days and sacrificing forms are recorded on an oracle bo ne or a bronze vessel,so it is possible to use such records to determine the calen drical character of the time concerned ,and then decide which years the calenda r potentially belongs to. In this paper,a close study is made on the sacrificing materials of King Dixin ,the last king of the Shang Dynasty,and the conclusion is drawn that there are two calendrical possibilities for the second year of King Dixin,one being that the first day of the second month should be bingchen ,and the other being t hat the first day of the second month should be dingsi for the cyclical da te.After comprehensive study of other materials,the paper proposes the year 10 75 BC to be the first year of King Dixin.
出处
《自然科学史研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第3期238-251,共14页
Studies in The History of Natural Sciences
基金
国家"九五"重大科研项目"夏商周断代工程"(96-923)。
