摘要
采用欧氏距离统计方法 ,对海南 1 8县市与泰国、马来西亚红毛丹主产区的 7个主要气候因子间的距离相似程度进行了分析 ,发现海南岛保亭县是红毛丹最佳气候宜植区。这与海南试种结果完全吻合。通过实地调查、土样采集分析 ,结合多年观察以及同泰国、马来西亚产区对比分析 。
Rambutan is a new precious and rare tropical fruit grown in China.There has been little basic research on rambutan.So,it is significant to do researches on rambutan's ecological adaptability and that is the basic condition for its growth and high yield.Euclidean Distance Statistical Method was used to analyze the distance similarity in 7 main climatic factors (i.e.annual average temperature,≥1℃ available cumulative temperature,average temperature in the coldest month,annual minimum temperature,annual average rainfall,annual average wind speed,annual average number of typhoons and winds stronger than Grade 6) between the 18 counties or cities of Hainan Province and the main rambutan producing areas of Thailand and Malaysia.The results showed that Baoting County was the optimum place for the growth of rambutan in Hainan Island,which coincides with the result of rambutan trial growing in Hainan.\;Investigations on the environmental characteristics of rambutan production areas in Hainan revealed that seasonal drought,low temperature and strong wind were the main climatic factors that affected normal growth of rambutan.Microenvironment can provide good climatic conditions for rambutan.The rambutan trees that can flower and fruit normally in Baoting County are those grown in the south to Daben Mountain and Qizhi Mountain,i.e.between 18°23′～18°45′ N and 109°20′～109°48′ E,where the altitude is below 170 m generally.Most of the rambutan growing areas are surrounded with mountains on 3 sides,with one side open towards the south or southwest,and the vegetations in the mountains are conserved well,where the annual average temperature is 24～24 5℃,the annual active cumulative temperature is 8749～8789℃,the average temperature in the coldest month is 19.1～19.6℃,the average temperature in the hottest month is 27.3～27.8℃,the annual average frost days are 0 3 d,the annual average days below 5℃ are 0 9 d,the annual rainfall is 1666.2～1941.1 mm,the annual sunshine hours are 1944.8～2091.8h,the annual average humidity is 84%(variation ranges between 80%～86%).\;The rambutan trees are planted in the lower part and the foot of mountains,leeward,with mist throughout the year and with convenient water source and good soil drainage.The mountains hinder the cold air from north and the strong wind from southeast,and the warm wet current from the South Sea can come through the opening into the rambutan growing areas.Thus the semi enclosed microenvironments are formed,which are suitable for rambutan growth.Soil analysis and many years of cultivation practice revealed that soil fertility and fertilizer application had great effect on rambutan yield and quality.The organic matter,total N,available P,rapidly available K and available Zn contents in the soil of high yielding orchards were obviously higher than those of moderate and low yielding orchards.There are great potentials to increase yield and improve quality through scientific application of fertilizer and irrigation.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第7期1158-1162,共5页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
中国热带农业科学院资助
海南保亭红毛丹集团公司资助项目
关键词
红毛丹
生态环境
气候因子
土壤肥力
适应性
引种
Nephelium lappaceum L.
ecological environment
climatic factors
soil fertility
