摘要
目的 监测北京市婴儿及胎婴儿死亡的变化趋势 ,采取相应措施降低婴儿及胎婴儿死亡率 (FIMR)。方法 对 1992～ 2 0 0 0年出生的 5 90 833名北京市活产婴儿以及同期死亡的 5 85 6名婴儿和 10 499名死胎死产儿的监测资料以动态数列的方法进行分析 ,研究分阶段干预措施的效果。结果 通过分阶段干预 ,婴儿死亡率 (IMR)从 1992年的 12 42‰降至 2 0 0 0年的 6 84‰ ,下降幅度为48% ;胎婴儿死亡率从 19 43‰降至 15 79‰ ,下降幅度为 19%。农村的婴儿死亡率高于城市。通过干预 ,肺炎从婴儿的第 1位死因降为第 4位 ,而先天性心脏病上升为第 1位死因。结论 各阶段有针对性地采取的干预措施效果显著 ,尤其是在降低婴儿可避免死亡方面。胎婴儿死亡率能从另一个角度更全面地反映妇幼保健水平 ,所以在监测婴儿死亡率的同时应关注胎婴儿死亡率。先天性心脏病已成为影响婴儿生存的一个重要疾病 ,因此现阶段应开展从孕期到婴儿期对先天性心脏病的监测和干预研究。
Objective To monitor the changing trend of infant mortality rate (IMR) and fetal and infant mortality rate (FIM) in Beijing and to develop proper measures to decrease these two rates. Methods Dynamic series analysis was used to analyze the monitoring data of 590 833 cases of live birth, 5 835 cases of infant death, and 10 499 cases of stillbirth in Beijing during 1992～2000. The interventional measures in different phases were analyzed too. Results The IMR and FIMR in Beijing were 12.42% and 19.43% respectively in 1992 and were reduced to 6.84% and 15.79% respectively in 2000. The IMR and FIMR were declining significantly during the periods of 1992～1994, 1995～1997, and 1998～2001 ( P <0.01). The decrease of IMR by 48% was more remarkable than that of FIMR by 19%. The IMR I rural areas was higher than that in urban area. Pneumonia dropped from the position of the first death cause for infants to the fourth cause and congenital heart disease became the first cause. Conclusion FIMR helps more comprehensively evaluate the effect of maternal and child health care. Monitoring and intervention of congenital heart diseases is very important.
出处
《中华医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第23期1424-1426,共3页
National Medical Journal of China
