摘要
目的使用问题行为理论框架研究职业学校学生吸烟倾向的相关因素,为青少年人群控烟的早期干预和烟草控制提供新的方向和参考。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,在上海市5所职业学校3931名学生中进行问卷调查,使用结构方程模型对所建立的预测模型进行评估。结果职业学校学生尝试吸烟率和当前吸烟率分别为29.1%和13.0%,未来5年吸烟倾向率为31.5%。构建的模型拟合程度较好,由同伴吸烟情况(β=0.94,P<0.01)、家庭吸烟情况(β=0.12,P<0.01)和媒体烟草暴露(β=0.12,P<0.01)组成的环境感知系统(β=0.36,P<0.01)及由尝试吸烟情况(β=0.70,P<0.01)和目前吸烟情况(β=0.72,P<0.01)组成的行为系统(β=0.40,P<0.01)对职业学校学生未来5年吸烟倾向有显著影响,吸烟意图与由吸烟危害认知(β=0.40,P<0.01)和学业表现自我认知(β0.21,P<0.01)组成的个人系统无关。结论基于问题行为理论的模型对分析吸烟的影响因素有很好的解释。职业学校学生未来吸烟倾向干预应当注重环境感知系统和行为系统中的组成,并考虑到个人系统的调节作用。
Objective This study aimed to develop a predictive model based on problem-behavior theory( PBT) to interpret intentions to smoke among Shanghai vocational school students. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 3 931 vocational school students in Shanghai by stratified cluster sampling. A structural equation model was used to assess the developed prediction model. Results The experimental smoking rate,current smoking rate and rate of intention to smoke among the students were 29.1%,13.0% and 31.5%,respectively. The fitness of the structural equation model was relatively good. Intention to smoke was predicted by perceived environment( β = 0.36,P<0.01) system consisting of peer smoking( β = 0.94,P<0.01),parent smoking( β = 0.12,P<0.01),and media exposure to smoking( β = 0.12,P<0.01),and behavior system( β = 0.40,P<0.01) consisting of tobacco experimentation( β = 0.70,P<0.01) and current smoking( β = 0.72,P<0.01). Smoking intention was irrelevant for personality system( β =-0.01,P >0.05) which consisted of acceptance of tobacco use( β = 0.396,P< 0.01) and academic performance( β = 0.21,P<0.01). Conclusion The PBT-based model provides a good explanation of the predictors of intentions to smoke and it implies that future interventions among vocational school students should focus on components in perceived environment and behavior systems and take the moderating effects of personality system into account.
作者
张舒娴
朱静芬
沈秋明
施悦
蔡泳
ZHANG Shuxian;ZHU Jingfen;SHEN Qiuming;SHI Yue;CAI Yong(School of Public Health,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai(200025),China)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第12期1791-1793,1797,共4页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
国家自然科学基金(71403169)
教育部人文社科项目(12YJC840001)
关键词
吸烟
行为
健康教育
学生
Smoking
Behavior
Health education
Students
