摘要
目的讨论石家庄市大气颗粒物PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)与居民日死亡率的关系。方法收集2013-2016年石家庄市大气污染物PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)日均浓度、气象因素(气温、相对湿度)及每日死亡数据,基于广义相加模型分析大气颗粒物PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)浓度对居民日死亡率的急性影响,并对性别和年龄进行分层分析。结果石家庄市2013-2016年大气PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)的平均浓度分别为207.40μg/m^3和113.86μg/m^3,超过我国环境空气质量标准二级标准限值的1.96倍和2.25倍。时间序列分析表明,PM_(10)(lag1)浓度每升高10μg/m^3,居民非意外总死亡、循环系统疾病死亡的风险分别增加0.14%(95%CI:0.01%~0.27%)和0.16%(95%CI:0.00%~0.33%);PM_(2.5)(lag1)浓度每升高10μg/m^3,居民非意外总死亡和呼吸系统疾病死亡的风险分别增加0.19%(95%CI:0.01%~0.38%)和0.40%(95%CI:0.03%~0.79%)。调整气态污染物O_3/SO_2/NO_2后,大气PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)的急性健康效应消失。分层分析表明男性受PM_(10)污染影响较大,老年人对PM_(2.5)污染可能更敏感。结论石家庄大气颗粒物污染较为严重,PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)浓度的增加均有可能增加居民的死亡风险。建议政府相关部门加强对空气污染的控制,以降低雾霾对当地居民、尤其是男性老人及有基础性疾病等高危人群的健康损害。
ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the concentrations of airborne particulates PM10,PM2.5and daily mortality in Shijiazhuang.Methods The data of PM10,PM2.5and meteorological factors(including daily average temperature,relative humidity)and daily cause-specific deaths during 2013-2016 were collected in Shijiazhuang.The generalized additive model was used to evaluate the association between PM10,PM2.5exposure and mortality.And we conducted stratification analyses by age and sex for exploring the potential health effects.Results The average concentrations of PM10and PM2.5in Shijiazhuang were 207.40μg/m^3and 113.86μg/m^3,which were 1.96 times and 2.25 times higher than National Ambient Air Quality Standards(GB3095-2012).Time-series analysis showed that an increase of 10μg/m^3of PM10could increase the non-accidental mortality and the circulatory mortality by 0.14%(95%CI:0.01%-0.27%)and 0.16%(95%CI:0.00%-0.33%)respectively.An increase of 10μg/m^3of PM2.5could increase the nonaccidental mortality and respiratory mortality by 0.19%(95%CI:0.01%-0.38%),0.40%(95%CI:0.03%-0.79%),respectively.After adjusting the gaseous pollutants O3/SO2/NO2,the acute health effects of PM10and PM2.5disappeared.Stratified analysis showed that men were more affected by PM10,and the older people might be more sensitive to PM2.5.Conclusions The pollution of particulates in Shijiazhuang is serious,and the increase of PM10and PM2.5concentrations might increase the mortality risk of residents.It is suggested that relevant government departments should strengthen the control of air pollution so as to reduce the health effect.
作者
陈浪
赵川
关茗洋
刘悦
徐东群
宋杰
CHEN Lang;ZHAO Chuan;GUAN Ming-yang;LIU Yue;XU Dong-qun;SONG Jie(Institute of Public Health Monitoring and Evaluation, Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shijiazhuang 050011 , China;Department of Pre-ventive Mediciney North China University Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China;Institute for Environmen-tal Health and Related Product Safety,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing 100021 , China)
出处
《中华疾病控制杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第3期272-277,共6页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention
基金
国家卫生公益性行业科研专项(201402022)
石家庄市科学技术研究与发展指导计划(161460873)
关键词
空气污染
死亡率
流行病学方法
Air pollution
Mortality
Epidemiological methods
