摘要
目的全面评估新标准碘盐覆盖后云南省大理市不同人群的碘营养水平。方法2012-2015年,在大理市按东、西、南、北、中划分5个片区,每个片区抽取1个乡(镇),每个乡(镇)抽取4个行政村,每个行政村抽检15户居民食用盐,盐碘检测采用《制盐工业通用试验方法碘的测定》(GB/T13025.7-2012)。2014年,在大理市东、西、南、北、中5个片区,各抽取1个乡(镇),每个乡(镇)抽取孕早、中、晚期孕妇各20名,哺乳妇女20名,普通健康成人20名,0~4岁儿童20名;每个片区各抽取1个乡(镇)的1所小学,每所小学抽取40名8~10岁学生作为调查对象。采集调查对象尿样,尿碘检测采用《尿中碘的砷铈催化分光光度测定方法》(WS/T107-2006)。2015年在大理市以行政村为单位,在每个行政村调查1个饮用人数最多的水源,采用"适合缺碘及高碘地区水碘检测的方法"检测水碘。通过问卷调查孕妇和哺乳妇女的碘营养补充来源。结果2012-2015年,居民户合格碘盐食用率均在90%以上,盐碘中位数由2012年的29.38mg/kg下降至2015年的24.96mg/kg。不同人群的尿碘中位数,孕妇(n=356)为136.85μg/L,哺乳妇女(n=111)为102.63μg/L,普通成人(n=163)为164.03μg/L,8~10岁儿童(n=200)为209.61μg/L,0~<2岁儿童(n=57)为157.27μg/L,2~4岁儿童(n=50)为134.08μg/L。大理市饮用水(n=142)碘含量中位数为0.62μg/L,范围为0.00~9.92μg/L。孕妇、哺乳妇女富碘海产品的平均摄入频次分别为0.99、1.07次/月,仅有1.99%(9/453)的人群通过多维元素制剂来补碘。结论盐碘含量下调后,低水碘地区大理市人群的碘营养总体处于适宜水平。持续保持高水平的合格碘盐食用率,加强对不同人群的监测和促进健康行为的形成是下一阶段的防治重点。
Objective After implementation of new standard iodized salt, to comprehensively assess the iodine nutrition levels of different populations in Dali City of Yunnan Province. Methods From 2012 to 2015, in Dali City, there were 5 districts divided into east, west, south, north and middle, each district selected 1 township (town), and each township (town) selected 4 administrative villages, 15 households for edible salt in each administrative village were sampled, and the salt iodine content was measured by "General Test Method in Salt Industry Determination of Iodine" (GB/T 13025.7-2012). In 2014, in the five districts of east, west, south, north and middle of Dali City, one township (town) was selected, and 20 pregnant women in the early, middle and late stages, respectively, 20 lactating women, 20 ordinary healthy adults and 20 children aged 0 to 4 were selected from each township (town);one primary school in each township (town) was selected in each district, and 40 students aged 8-10 years old were selected from each primary school as the survey objects. The urine samples of the survey objects were collected, and the urinary iodine content was measured by "Method for Determination of Iodine in Urine by As3+-Ce4+ Catalytic Spectrophotometry" (WS/T 107-2006). In 2015, in each administrative village of Dali, a water source with the largest number of drinking people was investigated, and water iodine was detected by the "Method of Water Iodine Detection Suitable for Iodine Deficiency and High Iodine Areas". Through questionnaires, the sources of iodine supplementation for pregnant and lactating women were investigated. Results The qualified iodized salt consumption rate of residents was higher than 90% per year from 2012 to 2015, and median of salt iodine decreased from 29.38 mg/kg (2012) to 24.96 mg/kg (2015). The medians of urinary iodine in different populations were 136.85 μg/L for pregnant women (n=356) , 102.63 μg/L for lactating women (n=111), 164.03 μg/L for adults (n=163), 209.61 μg/L for 8-10 years old children (n=200), 157.27 μg/L for children aged 0-< 2 years old (n=57), and 134.08 μg/L for 2-4 years old children (n=50). The median of iodine content of drinking water (n=142) in Dali was 0.62 μg/L, the range of iodine content was 0.00-9.92 μg/L. The average intake frequencies of iodine-rich seaweed for pregment women and lacting women were 0.99, 1.07 time/month, respectively, only 1.99% (9/453) of the population supplemented iodine through multivitamin and minerals tablets. Conclusions After reduction of salt iodine content, the iodine nutrition of populations in Dali City (a low water iodine region) is generally at an appropriate level. Maintaining a higher level of qualified iodized salt consumption rate, strengthening the monitoring of different populations and promotion of healthy behaviors are key steps in prevention and control of the disease in the future.
作者
张海涛
王安伟
刘秀芹
叶枫
郭玉熹
李淑娟
曹荣季
黄文丽
Zhang Haitao;Wang Anwei;Liu Xiuqin;Ye Feng;Guo Yuxi;Li Shujuan;Cao Rongji;Huang Wenli(Department for Endemic Disease Control and Prevention,Yunnan Institute for Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention,Dali 671000,China;Department for Endemic Disease Control and Prevention,Dali Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Dali 671000,China)
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期130-133,共4页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
基金
云南公共卫生与疾病防控协同创新中心资助项目(2014YNPHXT11).
关键词
盐类
碘
调整
人群
营养
Salts
Iodine
Adjustment
Populations
Nutrition
